Variability Analysis of Several Genotipes of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) using Morphological and Molecular (ISSR) Markers

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the durian diversity center. Evaluation and characterization activities should be conducted to identify the genotipes in order to differentiate the individual plant in the spesies. Genetic variation of 21 collected genotipes of Indonesia Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) Cipaku orchard, Bogor was evaluated using morphological and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Variability analysis based on 22 morphological characters gained 64 (100%) polymorphism. Molecular analysis using ten primers of ISSR amplified 48 locus. The 39 locus (81.25%) were polymorphic and the 9 locus (18.75%) were monomorphic, respectively. Both of the markers have different clustering, therefore they should be analysed using Joint Analysis. The result of the study showed genetic variability among 21 genotipes was grouped into 2 clusters on 0.51 similarity coefficient. The first group (A) consisted of the genotipe from Indonesia and the second group (B) consisted of Kanjau genotipe from Thailand with matrix correlation value was 0.83. Kanjau genotipe was suggested as a candidate in durian breeding programme, in order to increase Indonesian durian value in the future.