Biodiversity and Distribution of Primate in Tesso Nilo National Park Abuted on Palm Plantation of PT. Inti Indosawit Subur, Ukui, Riau

Abstract

Tesso Nilo National Park is lowland forest area which still having a high biodiversity, one of them is primates. Location of This national park in encircling by palm plantation area and industrial forest (HTI). This hardly having an effect or affecting for existence of wildlife especially primates. Number of residents that is increasingly increases has increased requirement would various land resources, so that many forests converted to fulfill requirement of area of settlement, agricultural land, plantation and industry crop forest resulting to decrease and the happening of fragmentation of habitat. PT. Inti Indosawit Subur is one of palm plantation company which close at Tesso Nilo National Park. This company also experiences problem which caused by the entry of primates like longtailed and pigtailed macaques to areal plantation and eats of palm-kernel. Sees from the problems hence required [by] this study. The aims of the study were to identify biodiversity and distribution of primate, and characteristics of habitat in Tesso Nilo National Park. Areal becoming research area with a wide 13.500 ha, that a third expansion of Tesso Nilo National Park and made 1% intensitas sampling so just 135 ha had become sample plot area of researching. In such a way that observations were made in seven artificial traffic lane, on the Tesso Nilo National Park abuted on palm plantation of PT. Inti Indosawit Subur with 2 km long to each and width 100 m, this observation using line transect method (Stripe Transect) for inventory of primate and vegetation analysis. This study was conducted on March to May 2008. Data analysis was conducted using Minitab 13 and Microsoft Excel for Windows 2007. Primates finding 5 species such as long-tail macaque, mitred leaf monkey, ebony leaf monkey, agile gibbon, and siamang in Tesso Nilo National Park. And the distribution of primate dispersed as group (agregatif). Vegetation analysis at tree stand, pillar, stake and seedling it is gotten that amounts species identified 111 plant types which is including 43 set of relativeses. Vegetation types which at most found is from set of relatives Dipterocarpaceae with number of plant types 25 species. for level of tree, important and dominant type with value INP is plant type Resak (Vatica spp.) INP 61,31%, At growth level of pillar species which important and is dominant is type Jejambu (Eugenia spp.) INP 80,97%. At growth level of important and dominant species stake is Jejambu (Eugenia spp.) INP 57,98%. At growth level of seedling species which is dominant is Kelat (Gonystylus forbesii) INP 84,81%. Totality condition of Tesso Nilo forest as habitat of primates in danger. It is because disturbance from illegal logging and illegal farming that doing by local people.