Pengaruh Perubahan Luasan Glaciers Puncak Jaya Papua Indonesia Terhadap Kapasitas Panas dengan Menggunakan Citra Satelit TM/ETM+

Abstract

Puncak Jaya glaciersis one of tropical glaciers in the earth that exists in Papua Island, Indonesia- Papua New Guinea. Glaciers have important function as phenomenon record, freshwater storage, and climate change indicator. Area, net radiation, and surface temperature of glaciers were measured by remote sensing method using landsat imagery data in 1989, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2004, 2007, and 2009. Glaciers area was measured by researcher using manual delination and using ArcGIS 9.3 to measure area. Glaciers volume was estimated using Bahr empirical formula, V = β A γ. The result showed total area loss in Puncak Jaya is 72,1% from 4,409 km2 in 1989 to 1,231 km2 in 2009. Total glaciers volume loss from 1989 to 2009 is 77,47%from 123,3 (10-3 km3) to 28,2 (10-3 km3). Nett radiation in glaciers area ranges from 107,5 W/m2 to 294,5 W/m2 with nett radiation mean per year per ice mass 206,2 W/m2. Glaciers albedo ranges from 0,19 to 0,53 with albedo mean per year per ice mass 0,37. Glaciers surface temperature ranges from -7,0oC to 7,0oC with surface temperature meanper year per ice mass -0,6oC. Heat capacity in glaciers area ranges from 0,30 (x 106 MJ K-1) to 110,37 (x 106 MJ K-1) from 1989 to 2009.