The Behaviour and characteristics potential of habitat of mosquitoes Anopheles spp. in Riau Village Riau Silip Subdistrict Bangka District Bangka Belitung Province

Abstract

Malaria is one of public health problem in Indonesia. The research was carried out to explore the diversity, density and the behavior of Anopheles as malaria vector, including mapping and measuring characteristics of larval potential habitat in Riau Village, Riau Silip Subdistrict, Bangka District. The studies were done from February to May 2011. The Anopheles mosquitoes were collected indoor and outdoor by human landing collection in the evening starting from 6 pm to 6 am. The characteristics of potential habitat and coordinates were measured based on larval collection sites. The result showed that there were four Anopheles spesies i.e. An. letifer, An. barbirostris, An. nigerrimus, and An. indefinitus. The man hour density of mosquitoes indoor and outdoor for An. letifer were 0,12 and 0,13, An. barbirostris 0,06 and 0,04, An. indefinitus 0,02 only at outdoor, and An. nigerrimus was not found biting. The biting activity was peak indoor and outdoor at 7-8 pm and 10-11 pm for An. letifer, and An. barbirostris at 9-10 pm and 11-12 pm. There were seven types of potential habitats i.e. ditches, pool, swamps, former mining pond, wells, and ground hole, however only one larva of An. letifer was found in a pool. The habitat characteristics of An. letifer larva were found at water temperature 24ºC, pH 6.0 to 6.1, salinity 0‰, turbidity 6 NTU, mud bottom habitat, no water plants, and there was tadpoles as predator.