Adaptasi harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae, Pocock 1929) hasil translokasi di Hutan Blangraweu, Nanggore Aceh Darussalam

Abstract

Sumatran tiger known as the critically endangered species hence its existence need to be conserved. This animal needs a wide area to survive. Fragmented forest that become more threatening in later years turn out into a high level of threat for the tiger. People invade tiger’s habitat and causing human-tiger conflict.Translocation is one of solution to overcome the human-tiger conflict, and one of the practice is translocated tiger in Ulu Masen Ecosystem. This research is to support this program. The research conducted from December 2009 until May 2010 in around Blangraweu Forest inside Pidie and Pidie Jaya Regency, Aceh. According to the land cover, Blangraweu Forest consist of primary forest, secondary forest, and highland meadow. Based on the altitude, this forest consist of lowland tropical forest, highland tropical forest, and mountain tropical forest. The data collected in three stage including spatial data collection, field inventarization by camera trap and rapid survey method, and secondary data collection by interviewing people and stakeholders of Blangraweu Forest management. Resident tiger and prey encounter was analyzed by O’Brien equation. Home range of translocated tiger was analyzed by Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) 100% method. Then the data was analyzed descriptively to find the influence of habitat factors toward the adaptation of translocated tiger. Translocated tiger daily movement is 1,84 ± 1,41 km/day with the furthest travelled distance reaching 6,89 km in a day. In the early release, translocated tiger was actively explored its new area. In just 10 days after its release, the tiger was moved as far as 31,63 km. On April, this translocated tiger had moved as far as 23 km and migrated into the North. This tiger was then found dead in a wild boar trap in July. Total area that used by translocated tiger is 540,60 km2. It was taken about 4 months to explore all of this area. Home range of translocated tiger divided into two area, the South –home range after released– and the North –home range after migrated– with each area is 225,54 km2 dan 153,50 km2. According to the habitat factors analysis result, the most factor affecting translocated tiger movement is the population density of resident tiger. Another factors like prey abundance, land cover, and water source is appropriate with the tiger requirement.