Model pengembangan industri perikanan tangkap berbasis kluster desa di Kota Ambon

Abstract

Ambon City is located in the southern part of Ambon island which is surrounded by the Banda Sea and the Maluku Sea. This city consists of marine areas (52%) and 32 coastal villages which do not have sufficient land-based natural resources, either plantation or mineral resources or mining. Although economic growth of the city was highest for 5 years, poverty is still one of big issues for these coastal villages. This research was designed to provide a model of village-level fisheries development using clustering approach. In this model, villages are grouped into six clusters based on the fisheries development status of the village, the feasibility of fisheries business units, access to market networks, and level of business ownerships. This study also examined some potential factors of fisheries development. Working capital, coral reefs, fishing fleets, all factors in the socio-cultural dimensions, and facilities and village infrastructure require no special attention due to their insignificant effect on the financial performance of fisheries business. Meanwhile, as common in four of the six clusters, topography and demography, settlement, and business profits need some attentions. Factors that should be developed in four clusters are fishing gear, return on investment, and business continuity. AHP indicates three important policies that are common among clusters. These are related to issues on potential resources of fish, accommodating regulation or law, and technology support. Issues on technical development is a priority interest in the majority of the clusters, followed by issues on prospective market, and fisheries infrastructures. Finally, the most prioritized strategic policies for the development of coastal fishing village in Ambon is the promotion and development of human resources. It shows that local stakeholders seriously consider good quality human resources as one of success keys of marine and coastal resources utilization and a strategic instrument to sistematically reduce poverty of coastal villagers. Linking the various elements or phenomena or variables in this study, established in propositions that make up a model. Model-based development of fishing industry cluster villages in Ambon city is named Model Manggurebe Maju. Term in the local language can be interpreted as an effort to move forward.