Dynamic of Land Use and Spatial Allocation in Ciamis District, West Java Province.

Abstract

The proliferation of Ciamis District occurred in 2003 has been affecting spatial pattern of the whole district. Population growth accompanied by social and economic activities have been affecting changes of land use. This change can be identified by utilizing remote sensing technology to predict the rate and spatial distribution of change, to allow strategic and policy planning to be performed immediately. This study aims to (1) identify the spatial patterns and dynamics of land use in Ciamis District during one decade 10 years (2000, 2005 and 2010), (2) verify the consistency of existing land use based on spatial plan of Ciamis District, and (3) determine the main factors causing land use change. The method include interpretation of Landsat images using Erdas Imagine 9.1 and ArcGis 9.2, Shift Share Analysis and Location Quetiont (LQ) by GIS approach, and binomial logit model using statistica 8.0. The result showed that there were changes in land use during 2000 - 2010 in Ciamis District. Land use type that decreases include forest: 7.237 ha, plantation: 659 ha, paddy field: 566 ha and open pasture: 336 ha. The acreage of some land use type increased for instance residential uses 1.531 ha, dry land cultivation: 6.522 ha, and bush: 747 ha. Factors that significantly affected land use change were population growth rate, the number of facilities, slope and road density.

Proses pemekaran wilayah Kabupaten Ciamis terjadi semenjak tahun 2003, dimana Kotif Banjar yang merupakan pusat wilayah pengembangan bagian tengah memisahkan diri menjadi Kota Banjar dan jumlah kecamatan berubah dari 30 menjadi 36 kecamatan pada tahun 2005. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk Kabupaten Ciamis pada tahun 2007 sampai 2008 relatif tinggi mencapai 4,84%, melebihi laju pertumbuhan penduduk nasional. Aktifitas penjarahan pada areal hutan dan perkebunan terjadi semenjak era reformasi sampai tahun 2008 dan berdampak terhadap pola ruang kabupaten secara menyeluruh.