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      Perbandingan Sifat Kimia dan Biologi Tanah Akibat Keterbukaan Lahan Pada Hutan Reboisasi Pinus di Kecamatan Pollung Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Sumatera Utara

      Comparison of Soil’s Chemical and Biological Characteristics Caused Land Openness of Pine Reforested Forest in Pollung Subdistrict of Humbang Hasundutan District, North Sumatera.

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Purwanto, Mohamad Eko
      Wasis, Basuki
      Setiadi,Yadi
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      Abstract
      Forest clearing activity has been caused land openness in some forest areas such as reforested forest. Land openness could cause the decreasing of fertility value of forest soil. The objective of this research was to comparing of soil’s chemical and biological characteristics in open area with pine forest in pine reforested forest in Pollung sub-district of Humbang Hasundutan district, North Sumatera. This research was using secondary data of soil’s chemical and biological characteristics analysis results from Team of Living Environmental Ministry 2010. Descriptively, this research has shown that land openness has caused lower comparison of all average value of soil’s chemical and biological parameters. Highest percentage of comparison difference in open area was total of C-organic content that amounted 59,90% and total of soil fungi that amounted 94,18% lower than pine forests. Degradation of soil’s chemical and biological values was caused by the decreasing of total organic content of soil and nutrient washing by rain water. Considering to negative impact that will be caused thus needed an effort of soil resiliency through land rehabilitation by whitewashing of acid soil and re-vegetation
       
      Aktivitas perambahan hutan mengakibatkan keterbukaan lahan di beberapa areal hutan seperti hutan hasil reboisasi. Keterbukaan lahan dapat menurunkan nilai kesuburan tanah hutan sehingga lahan mudah terdegradasi terutama pada sifat kimia dan biologi tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan sifat kimia dan biologi tanah di lahan terbuka dengan hutan pinus yang berada pada areal hutan reboisasi pinus di Kecamatan Pollung Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Sumatera Utara. Bahan penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder hasil analisis sifat kimia dan biologi tanah dari Tim Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup tahun 2010 di hutan pinus reboisasi dan lahan terbuka bekas tebangan umur 5 bulan, masing-masing pada kedalaman 0−20 cm dari permukaan tanah. Menurut data stasiun klimatologi Sampali Medan menyebutkan angka curah hujan tahunan di Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan sebesar 3.322 mm di tahun 2010. Berdasarkan hasil analisis secara deskriptif, menunjukkan bahwa keterbukaan lahan mengakibatkan perbandingan pada semua nilai rata-rata parameter kimia dan biologi tanah lebih rendah dari hutan pinus. Persentase selisih perbandingan di lahan terbuka tertinggi pada jumlah kandungan C-Organik sebesar 59,90% dari nilai rata-rata di hutan pinus sedangkan untuk parameter biologi tertinggi pada jumlah fungi tanah yang mengalami selisih perbandingan sebesar 94,18% lebih rendah dari hutan pinus. Degradasi nilai sifat kimia dan biologi tanah disebabkan oleh penurunan jumlah bahan organik tanah dan pencucian hara oleh air hujan, sehingga kondisi ekologi dan aktivitas organisme pada ekosistem tanah juga terganggu. Menyadari dampak negatif yang akan ditimbulkan, maka perlu upaya resiliensi tanah dengan rehabilitasi lahan melalui pemupukan kompos dan penutupan lahan kembali.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/56018
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      • UT - Silviculture [1452]

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