Model bioekonomi eksploitasi multispesies sumberdaya perikanan pelagis di perairan selat bali

Abstract

Tropical fishery resources in Indonesia comprised of diverse species resources, thus one type of fishing gear may yield more than one species of fish. Indonesian pelagic fishery resources feature rich potentials, with particular interest to Bali Strait, in where most of existing fishery resources were exploited using purse seine with double fishing lines. This type of fishing gear captured several species of fish, e.g. Lemuru (Sardinella spp.), Tongkol (Euthynnus spp.), Layang (Decapterus spp.), Kembung (Rastrelliger spp.), etc. Accordingly, this research aimed to: (1) analyze exploitation level multispecies pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait; (2) analyze the optimal level of exploitation and sustainable fisheries for pelagic multispecies resources; and (3) to determine appropriate management policies. The analytical method used was bio-economic multispecies approach with reference to dependencies between different species in Bali Strait. The results showed present condition of exploitation of pelagic multispecies fishery in Bali Strait, and the actual production is lower compare to sustainable production. Current biological and economical thresholds were higher than current exploitation yield. Similar profile was noted for the actual production and fishing effort, which were below optimal value. Consequently, this study revealed that pelagic fishery resources management in the Bali Strait featured inadequate level of economic efficiency. The existing exploitation method for pelagic fishery resources in Bali Strait with purse seine using two fishing lines can be increased in order to obtain the maximum economic benefits, while still maintaining fisheries sustainability for multispecies resources. Maximum economic rents was obtained from cumulative economic rents of different pelagic fish species. Thus, multispecies approach should be the basis in determining the policy of pelagic fishery resources management in Indonesia.