Sistem perencanaan tata ruang wilayah pesisir: Studi kasus Teluk Lampung
Spatial planning system of coastal area: Lampung Bay case study
Date
2012Author
Damai, Abdullah Aman
Boer, Mennofatria
Marimin
Damar, Ario
Rustiadi, Ernan
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Coastal area is complex and dynamic in nature, and also vulnerable against stress. On the other side, it has various resources and environment services, and hence tend to be overexploited. For that reason, conflict of space utilization whether intersectors or internal sector, and various of stakeholders’ interest, became an ordinary problem. The conflict has to be prevailed through a proper administration spatial management based on spatial planning that might accommodate economic and population growth, and also implementable. Through the system approach, comprehensive spatial planning of coastal area could be met, which able to accommodate stakeholders’ interest. Due to its complexity, in which various activities and stakeholders are present, coastal area of Lampung Bay was determined as study area. The research was aimed to develop an approach of spatial planning of coastal area that integrate waters and terrestrial space, in a system framework with participatory features. The research was carried out through system dynamics approach that incorporated with geographic information system. Furthermore, participatory prospective analysis for mapping stakeholders’ need, and regional analysis, was prepared. The result showed that: (1) system approach is able to provide a scenario of coastal area spatial planning comprehensively, in which waters and terrestrial space could be integrated through simultaneous analysis of components of system and their interactions, and further intervention on it; (2) stakeholders involvement through participatory prospective analysis is the key of simplification of spatial policies formulation, in which various of interest in an area could be accommodated; (3) main components of system (i.e. population, economic activities, and space availability) in coastal area of Lampung Bay, are interrelated and interdependent, and in order to achieve sustainable relation among them until the end of analysis (year 2029), consequently it has to be attained and maintained a proportion of protected area as 54,482 ha (42.09%) of land and 4,822 ha (3.02%) of waters; (4) accomplishment of spatial planning of coastal area of Lampung Bay require conversion of a part of production area (50.67%) to become protected area, and development of service centers and infrastructure networks; and (5) Suggestions of space alocation and service center hierarchies, could be prepared based on model simulation of condition and regional capabilities of Lampung Bay coastal area, the scenario could accommodate stakeholders’ need toward the sustainable regional development Penelitian dan disertasi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kekhasan wlayah pesisir yang kompleks dan meliputi ekosistem daratan dan perairan. Dengan kompleksitasnya yang tinggi, pengelolaan wilayah pesisir harus bersifat holistik dan terintegrasi, dengan salah satu komponen kuncinya adalah perencanaan tata ruang. Urgensi penataan ruang merupakan bentuk intervensi positif guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan yang berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan tata ruang memiliki posisi penting dalam kerangka pengelolaan wilayah pesisir terpadu. Namun demikian, perencanaan tata ruang wilayah pesisir memerlukan suatu pendekatan yang mampu memadukan karakteristik ruang daratan dan perairan secara sejajar, sehingga sulit diakomodasi oleh perencanaan tata ruang yang bias daratan Pendekatan sistem dapat memberikan pemahaman fenomena dunia nyata secara komprehensif. Wilayah pesisir yang kompleks, dapat dipandang sebagai suatu sistem, dengan komponen utama terdiri dari populasi (penduduk), aktivitas ekonomi, dan penggunaan ruang. Melalui pemodelan sistem, dapat dipelajari perilakunya secara komprehensif dan diterapkan skenario perencanaan sebagai bentuk intervensi terhadap sistem tersebut. Dengan demikian, melalui intervensi terhadap sistem, dapat dihasilkan perencanaan tata ruang terpadu, komprehensif, dan akomodatif terhadap kebutuhan para pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders). Sebagai wilayah pesisir yang kompleks dengan beragam aktivitas, Teluk Lampung dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan suatu pendekatan perencanaan tata ruang wilayah pesisir yang memadukan ruang daratan dan perairan dalam suatu kerangka sistem dan bersifat partisipatif. Pendekatan penelitian melalui sistem dinamik dengan pemodelan deterministik, yang mampu mengkaji sistem kompleks. Pemetaan kebutuhan para pemangku kepentingan menggunakan analisis prospektif partispatif, dan penyajian spasial menggunakan sistem informasi geografis.
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