Processing and utilization leachate as liquid fertilizer to support the development of sustainable waste disposal site. (case study at waste landfill in Bogor District)

Abstract

Until recently, leachate has been an unsolvable problem in most cities in Indonesia. Most of them has not been processed properly. It causes pollution in water bodies around the final waste disposal. Moreover, the process of leachate into usefull materials as liquid fertilizer and apllying it at planting, have not been done. The objectives of this research were to obtain environmentally safe effluent and liquid fertilizer from leachate from a Final Waste Disposal Site in Galuga owned by Regional Government of Bogor City. This research was conducted from July 2006 through to April 2007. The experiment was started by aerating the leachate at 4 difference aeration rates (0, 10, 30 and 70 liters/minute) followed by passing through the effluent from the upper side of column of zeolite that has three difference particle sizes (5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 mesh). The experiment of production liquid fertilizer was carried out by adding lime or KMnO4 with different dosage into sediment generated from processing by aerating at 70 liters/minute followed by centrifugation process or shaker. Further, the liquid fertilizer generated from such experiment were applied to chili’s plant (Capsicum annum). The research results shows that the 2 phases processing conducted by aerating at the rate 70 liters/minute and passed to 20-30 mesh zeolite particles was the most effective in reducing pollutants from leachate. The addition of 1000 ppm CaO or Ca(OH)2 limes in sediment from aeration is the most effective in depositing the dissolved material and the addition of 0.01% KMnO4 combined with the addition of 1000 ppm CaO was the most effective in depositing the dissolved material compared to the addition of KMnO4 in other dosage. Liquid fertilizer generated through the addition of 1000 ppm CaO followed by centrifugation have the content of (ppm) N = 375,83, P = 121,44, K = 948,11, Ca = 8300,00, Mg = 959,50, S = 48,53, Cu = 9,83, Zn = 35,68, Mn = 264,81, Fe = 348,24, Pb = 13,53, Cd = 7,86 and Cr = 2,27; and liquid fertilizer generated through the addition of 0.01% KMnO4 and 1000 ppm CaO has the content of (ppm) N = 306,40, P = 93,90, K = 1023,08, Ca = 8146,10, Mg = 897,50, S = 39,23, Cu = 16,72, Zn = 39,42, Mn = 429,25, Fe = 362,82, Pb = 16,25, Cd = 9,62 and Cr = 2,43. The use of liquid fertilizer generated by adding 1000 ppm CaO followed by centrifugation were the most effective in enhancing vegetation growth and production of chili’s fruits. The non essential element (Pb, Cd and Cr) in fruits from vegetation given liquid fertilizer produced from such treatment did not exceed tolerable threshold.

Hingga saat ini, lindi dari tempat pembuangan akhir sampah masih selalu menjadi sumber masalah di kota-kota di Indonesia. Hal itu terjadi karena umumnya lindi belum dikelola dengan baik. Lindi belum diolah secara maksimal menjadi efluen yang aman dialirkan ke lingkungan hingga lindi selalu mencemari badan-badan air di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) sampah. Apabila hal ini terus dibiarkan, dikhawatirkan akan menimbulkan penolakan masyarakat terhadap keberadaan TPA sampah di wilayahnya. Pada dasarnya, TPA sampah tidak akan dipermasalahkan oleh masyarakat di sekitar TPA sampah apabila keberadaan TPA sampah tidak menyebabkan pencemaran baik pencemaran yang disebabkan oleh sampah padat atau lindinya. Apabila keberadaan TPA sampah dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi masyarakat baik keuntungan yang diperoleh dari sampah padat maupun dari lindinya diharapkan akan menumbuhkan rasa memiliki masyarakat terhadap TPA sampah dan bahkan diharapkan masyarakat sekitar TPA sampah justru yang menginginkan agar TPA sampah tetap berada di wilayahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan efluen yang aman bagi lingkungan dan bahan pupuk cair dari lindi yang berasal dari tempat pembuangan akhir sampah Galuga yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan dari bulan Juli 2006 hingga bulan April 2007. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian berskala laboratorim menggunakan drum plastik yang diberi dua kran di bagian bawahnya. Kran pertama berada sekitar 25 cm dari dasar drum untuk mengeluarkan efluen yang aman dialirkan ke lingkungan dan kran kedua berada pada dasar drum untuk mengeluarkan efluen yang akan diolah menjadi bahan pupuk cair.