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      Determination Planting Calendar of Upland Rice based Water Balance of the Dry Land (Case Study: South Konawe, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi)

      Penentuan Kalender Tanam Padi Gogo berdasarkan Neraca Air pada Lahan Kering (Studi Kasus: Konawe Selatan, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara)

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      Date
      2011
      Author
      Febrianti, Eka
      Koesmaryono, Yonny
      Sugiarto, Yon
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      Abstract
      Dry-land agriculture is agriculture carried out on the land without the use of irrigation and water needs as a whole depends on rainfall. Source of water for dry land agriculture generally comes from rainfall and high rainfall distribution also determine the period of the cropping pattern in a year. Determination of the planting period can help increase the production of upland rice as dry land agricultural commodities and to minimize crop failure due to climate variability (El-Nino and La-Nina). Planting period is arranged as a calendar based on soil water content (KL and TLP) obtained from analysis of the water balance of the land. The region of South Konawe have different soil moisture content for each region. In normal years, the planting period ranging between 7-8 months. El-Nino phenomenon causes a shift in the early growing season and planting time periods experienced a reduction. Time of planting ranged from 6-8 months at the time of El-Nino. La-Nina phenomenon also causes a shift in the early growing season (more advanced than the normal year). Planting period ranged between 8-12 months when the La-Nina. In South Konawe region, there are some areas of stations that can not be used as a regional development and production of upland rice. This is because soil moisture content under field capacity.
       
      Pertanian lahan kering merupakan pertanian yang dilaksanakan di atas lahan tanpa penggunaan irigasi dan kebutuhan air secara keseluruhan tergantung pada curah hujan. Sumber air untuk pertanian pada lahan kering umumnya berasal dari curah hujan serta sebaran dan tinggi hujan sangat menentukan periode pola tanam dalam setahun. Penentuan periode tanam dapat membantu peningkatan produksi padi gogo sebagai komoditas pertanian lahan kering dan meminimumkan kegagalan panen akibat variabilitas iklim (El-Nino dan La-Nina). Periode tanam yang disusun sebagai suatu kalender didasarkan pada kandungan air tanah (KL dan TLP) yang diperoleh dari hasil analisis neraca air lahan. Secara umum, wilayah Konawe Selatan memiliki kadar air tanah yang berbeda untuk setiap wilayah. Pada tahun normal, periode penanaman berkisar antara 7-8 bulan. Fenomena El-Nino menyebabkan pergeseran awal musim tanam dan periode masa tanam mengalami pengurangan. Waktu tanam berkisar antara 6-8 bulan pada saat berlangsung fenomena El-Nino. Adapun fenomena La-Nina juga menyebabkan pergeseran awal musim tanam (lebih maju daripada tahun normal). Kondisi ini berdampak positif, dimana periode penanaman dapat dilakukan lebih lama dibandingkan tahun normal. Periode tanam berkisar antara 8-12 bulan saat La-Nina. Pada wilayah Konawe Selatan, terdapat beberapa wilayah stasiun yang tidak dapat digunakan sebagai daerah pengembangan dan produksi padi gogo. Hal ini dikarenakan kadar air tanah berada di bawah kapasitas lapang. Kata kunci: Pertanian lahan kering, variabilitas iklim, kalender tanam
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/51465
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1719]

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