Study of Coastal Physical Typology in DIY Province for Coastal Development and Management

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze a coastal typology based on its land physical attribute as a guideline to develop a policy in developing and managing coastal area for the continuous development. The method used to do the analysis is by using the approach of data interpretation from remote sensing image integrated with geographic information system and field survey. The guideline in deciding the classification of coastal physical typology is using the Response- Process System with relief/slope, main constructing material, genesis process and dominate process happened in the mean time such as tide, wave and river flow. This response-process system divide the coastal physical typology into seven classes including coastal typology of land erosion coast, sub aerial deposition coast, volcanic coast, structurally shaped coast, wave erosion coast, marine deposition coast and coast built by organism. Deciding development model for fishery, agriculture, harbor, settlement and tourism using evaluation of land suitability and SBE (Scenic Beauty Estimation) special for coastal landscape panorama for tourism development. The method used to compose the policy of model development and management of coastal area is SWOT method. The material used including black and white panchromatic aerial photograph, thematic maps, GPS receiver, abney level, geological compass, digital camera, EC-meter and soil test kit. Result shows that all seven coastal physical typology are found in the coastal area. Land erosion coast and coast built by organism dominate in Gunungkidul coastal area and then in Bantul and Kulon Progo coastal area are dominated by marine deposition coast and sub aerial deposition coast. volcanic coast, structurally shaped coast, wave erosion coast can only be found in a small area of Gunungkidul coast. Each of this coastal typology has a special land characteristic which can be used to develop its potential. Land erosion coast only suitable for agricultural sector; sub aerial deposition coast suitable for fishery, agriculture, harbor and settlement; volcanic coast, structurally coast and wave erosion coast only suitable for specific tourism interest; marine deposition coast suitable for tourism, harbor and sand agriculture and coast built by organism is very suitable for tourism activity proved by the high score of SBE from the respondents. Recommendation for developing and managing coastal area in area of interest is by developing the coastal natural resources suitable to its physical typology, because this will make the management of coastal area for continuous development easier. Recommendations for coastal management in Gunungkidul were protected of karst ecosystem and coastal process. Recommendation for coastal management in Bantul and Kulon Progo using Limited Intervention by which adjustments are made to be able to cope with inundation, raising coastal land and buildings vertically.