Aktivitas Ekstrak Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) terhadap Peluruhan Urolith Anjing (Canis lupus familiaris): Kajian In Vitro

Abstract

Urolithiasis merupakan penyakit saluran kemih pada anjing dengan tingkat kekambuhan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi aktivitas ekstrak alang- alang (Imperata cylindrica) terhadap peluruhan urolith anjing secara in vitro berdasarkan konsentrasi kalsium (Ca) dan magnesium (Mg) terlarut serta mengidentifikasi komponen utama urolith menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Urolith diidentifikasi menggunakan FTIR, kadar total flavonoid ditentukan spektrofotometri UV-Vis, dan aktivitas peluruhan dianalisis menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus fosfat (PO4³?), amonium (NH4?), serta vibrasi N–H dan O–H. Kadar total flavonoid ekstrak sebesar 44,18 mg QE/g ekstrak. (p>0,05). Analisis AAS menunjukkan adanya perubahan konsentrasi Mg yang berbeda nyata antarperlakuan (p<0,05), hal ini mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan aktivitas peluruhan urolith berdasarkan Mg yang terlarut, sedangkan Ca tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (p>0,05). Ekstrak 200 ppm menunjukkan aktivitas peluruhan tertinggi berdasarkan perubahan konsentrasi Mg terlarut. Ekstrak alang-alang berpotensi meluruhkan urolith anjing secara in vitro.

Urolithiasis is a urinary tract disease in dogs with a high recurrence rate. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of cogon grass extract (Imperata cylindrica) on canine urolith dissolution in vitro based on the concentrations of dissolved calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), and to identify the main components of the urolith using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Uroliths were identified using FTIR, total flavonoid content was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and dissolution activity was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). FTIR results showed the presence of phosphate (PO4³?) and ammonium (NH4?) groups, as well as N–H and O–H vibrations. The total flavonoid content of the extract was 44.18 mg QE/g extract. (p>0.05). AAS analysis showed a significant difference in Mg concentration among treatments (p<0.05), indicating differences in urolith dissolution activity based on dissolved Mg, whereas Ca showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The 200 ppm extract showed the highest dissolution activity based on the change in dissolved Mg concentration. Cogon grass extract has the potential to dissolve canine uroliths in vitro.