Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Kertas Filter Oli Berbasis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) melalui Metode Pulping Soda-Anthraquinone

Abstract

Meningkatnya kebutuhan filter oli mendorong pengembangan media filtrasi berbahan baku terbarukan sebagai alternatif pengganti material impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi kertas filter oli berbasis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) melalui metode pulping Soda-Anthraquinone (Soda-AQ). Pulp disintesis menggunakan variasi konsentrasi NaOH 10%, 20%, 25%, dan 30% dengan AQ 0,1%, kemudian diputihkan, dikombinasikan dengan Needle Bleached Kraft Pulp dan styrene acrylic untuk dicetak. Karakterisasi meliputi analisis sifat kimia pulp, gramatur, ketebalan, morfologi pori, sudut kontak, surface free energy, permeabilitas udara, dan kekuatan tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan konsentrasi NaOH meningkatkan kandungan selulosa dan menurunkan lignin. Sampel P4 menghasilkan karakteristik terbaik berdasarkan keseimbangan sifat kimia, struktur pori, permeabilitas udara, dan kekuatan mekanik. Secara keseluruhan, pulp TKKS berpotensi menjadi kertas filtrasi terbarukan karena karakteristik yang mendekati kertas filter komersial.

The increasing demand for oil filters has encouraged the development of filtration media from renewable raw materials as an alternative to imported products. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize oil filter paper based on oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) using the Soda-Anthraquinone (Soda-AQ) pulping method. EFB pulp was synthesized using NaOH concentrations of 10%, 20%, 25%, and 30% with 0.1% AQ, followed by bleaching, blending with Needle Bleached Kraft Pulp and styrene acrylic, and paper sheet formation. Characterization included chemical composition, grammage, thickness, pore morphology, contact angle, surface free energy, air permeability, and tensile strength. The results showed that increasing NaOH concentration increased cellulose content while reducing lignin content. Sample P4 exhibited the best filter paper characteristics based on the balance of chemical composition, pore structure, air permeability, and mechanical properties. Overall, EFB pulp has the potential to be developed as a renewable oil filter paper with characteristics comparable to those of commercial filter paper.