Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ayam Sebagai Pupuk Bokashi Untuk Pertumbuhan Jagung Manis Di Desa Tirtosari

Abstract

Penggunaan pupuk kimia secara terus menerus mendorong perlunya alternatif pupuk organik, salah satunya bokashi berbahan kotoran ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik petani, menguraikan respons pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt L.) terhadap berbagai dosis pupuk bokashi kotoran ayam, serta menganalisis pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam pembuatan pupuk bokashi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok Tani Mudah-Mudahan, Desa Tirtosari, Kecamatan Banyuasin I, Kabupaten Banyuasin, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan selama bulan September 2025-Januari 2026. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat dosis bokashi, yaitu 0, 10, 20, dam 30 ton/ha dengan tiga ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis ragam (ANOVA), dan kontras polinomial ortogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bokashi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan diameter batang serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter tongkol tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang tongkol, bobot brangkasan, hasil panen tongkol per petak, dan produktivitas. Respons tanaman terhadap bosis bokashi berbeda pada setiap parameter pengamatan. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan petani pada seluruh indikator telah mencapai target minimal 80%, sedangkan hasil keterampilan menunjukkan bahwa petani terampil dalam mempraktikkan tahapan pembuatan pupuk bokashi.

The continuous use of chemical fertilizers has encouraged the need for alternative organic fertilizers, one of which is bokashi made from chicken manure. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of farmers, examine the growth and yield responses of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt L.) to different rate of chicken manure bokashi, and assess changes in farmer’s knowledge and skills in bokashi production. The study was conducted at the Mudah-Mudahan Farmer Group in Tirtosari Village, Banyuasin I District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province, from September 2025 to January 2026. A Randomized Complete Blok Design (RCBD) was used with four bokashi rates of 0, 10, 20, and 30 tons/ha with three replications. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and orthogonal polynomial contrasts. The results showed that bokashi application had a highly significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, and significant effect on ear diameter. However, it had no significant effect on ear length, biomass weight, ear yield per plot, or productivity. The response of sweet corn to different bokashi application rates varied among the observed parameters. The assessment results showed that farmers’ knowledge in all indicators achieved the minimum target of 80% while the skills assessment indicated that farmers were able to perform the stages of bokashi production.