Desain Lanskap SPN Polda Lampung Berbasis Integrated Farming System (IFS) dalam Upaya Mendukung Program Ketahanan Pangan

Abstract

Alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Provinsi Lampung mengancam produksi pangan nasional, sehingga optimalisasi lahan institusional seperti Sekolah Polisi Negara (SPN) Polda Lampung menjadi sangat krusial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain lanskap SPN Polda Lampung berbasis Integrated Farming System (IFS) dengan pendekatan Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan. Metode deskriptif kualitatif diterapkan melalui observasi lapangan, survei drone, wawancara client dan pengguna, serta analisis fisik biofisik pada tapak seluas 2,5 ha. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi potensi berupa kesuburan tanah Kambisol Eutrik dan ketersediaan air, namun memiliki kendala distribusi irigasi parsial, kelerengan curam, dan drainase rawan genangan. Konsep desain Way Sambayan dikembangkan dengan transformasi bentuk dari motif Tapis Lampung, menghasilkan tata ruang terintegrasi yang menghubungkan zona produksi (hortikultura, peternakan, perikanan), penerimaan, edukasi, dan rekreasi pasif. Penerapan infrastruktur ekologis berupa bioswale, constructed wetland, dan rumah kompos (closed-loop system) mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya lokal, mewadahi pelatihan siswa, serta mewujudkan model kemandirian pangan institusional yang berkelanjutan.

Agricultural land conversion in Lampung threatens national food production, making the optimization of institutional sites such as the State Police School (SPN) Polda Lampung crucial. This study aims to design the landscape of SPN Polda Lampung based on an Integrated Farming System (IFS) using the Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) approach to support food security. A descriptive qualitative method was applied through field observation, drone surveys, stakeholder interviews, and spatial microclimate analysis on a 2,5 ha. Analysis revealed strong potential in fertile Eutric Cambisols and available water sources, constrained by partial irrigation distribution, steep slopes, and flood-prone drainage. The Way Sambayan design concept was developed using form transformations from traditional Tapis Lampung motifs, yielding an integrated spatial layout connecting production zones (crops, livestock, aquaculture), reception, education, and passive recreation. Implementing ecological infrastructure including bioswales, constructed wetlands, and a composting unit (closed-loop system) enhances local resource efficiency, accommodates student training, and establishes a sustainable model for institutional food self-sufficiency.