Analisis Pengaruh Kadar Air terhadap Serangan Blue Stain pada Tiga Jenis Kayu Berwarna Terang

Abstract

Cendawan pewarna (blue stain) merupakan perusak kayu yang menurunkan nilai estetika, terutama pada kayu berwarna terang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi kadar air terhadap intensitas dan kedalaman serangan blue stain pada kayu pinus (Pinus merkusii), karet (Hevea brasiliensis), dan gmelina (Gmelina arborea). Contoh uji berukuran 90 × 40 × 10 mm dikondisikan pada kadar air >30%, 25–30%, 20–25%, 15–20%, 10–15%, dan <10%, kemudian diumpankan selama satu bulan dalam container box dengan sumber kayu terserang blue stain. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan lima ulangan. Parameter meliputi kehilangan berat, perubahan kadar air, intensitas, dan kedalaman serangan. Interaksi kedua faktor berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter. Intensitas tertinggi pada kadar air >30% terdapat pada karet (55%), pinus (41%), dan gmelina (28%), sedangkan kedalaman mencapai karet (76%), pinus (48%), dan gmelina (43%). Intensitas tidak ditemukan pada kadar air <15%, sedangkan kedalaman tidak ditemukan pada kadar air <25%. Kayu karet mengalami serangan blue stain tertinggi, diikuti pinus, dan gmelina terendah.

Blue stain fungi are wood-deteriorating organisms that reduce the aesthetic value of timber, particularly light-coloured wood. This study aimed to analyse the effect of varying moisture content on the intensity and depth of blue stain attack in pine (Pinus merkusii), rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis), and gmelina (Gmelina arborea). Wood specimens measuring 90 × 40 × 10 mm were conditioned at six moisture-content levels: >30%, 25–30%, 20–25%, 15–20%, 10–15%, and <10%, and subsequently exposed for one month in a container box containing blue-stained wood as the inoculum source. The study employed a two-factor Completely Randomised Design with five replications. The parameters assessed included weight loss, changes in moisture content, and the intensity and depth of fungal attack. The interaction between wood species and moisture content significantly affected all parameters. At a moisture content above 30%, the highest attack intensity was recorded in rubberwood (55%), followed by pine (41%) and gmelina (28%). Similarly, the greatest attack depth was observed in rubberwood (76%), pine (48%), and gmelina (43%). Intensity was not detected at moisture contents below 15%, whereas depth was not detected at moisture contents below 25%. Rubber wood exhibited the highest level of attack, followed by pine, and gmelina showed the lowest attack.