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      Karakteristik Fisika dan Kimia Tanah pada Dua Jenis Tanah dengan Aplikasi Kompos dan Biochar di Lahan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Simarmata, Heni Oryani
      Yusuf, Sri Malahayati
      Chahyahusna, Affan
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      Abstract
      Tanah mineral di Kalimantan Tengah memiliki sifat fisika dan kimia tanah yang dapat membatasi produktivitas dan keberlanjutan lahan kelapa sawit, sehingga diperlukan upaya perbaikan melalui aplikasi pembenah tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik sifat fisika dan kimia pada dua jenis tanah berbeda, yaitu Ultisol dengan aplikasi kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) diperkaya Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) dan biochar di blok H16 dibandingkan Inceptisol tanpa perlakuan di blok H17, serta menganalisis korelasi antara C-organik dengan sifat tanah lain. Penelitian merupakan deskriptif komparatif dengan analisis data menggunakan uji t two-tail pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi TKKS dan biochar dengan dosis 20 kg/pokok selama sembilan bulan pada Ultisol menghasilkan nilai yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda signifikan dengan Inceptisol tanpa perlakuan pada sifat kimia tanah yaitu C-organik (p-value 0,037), Ca (p-value 0,019) dan Mg (p-value 0,001). Perbedaan tidak signifikan pada sifat fisika tanah yaitu bobot isi (p-value 0,052), porositas total (p-value 0,065), permeabilitas (p-value 0,088) dan sifat kimia K (p-value 0,146). Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan positif sedang antara C-organik tanah dengan Ca (r = 0,508) dan Mg (r = 0,561), serta hubungan yang lemah antara C-organik dengan parameter bobot isi, permeabilitas dan K.
       
      Mineral soils in Central Kalimantan have physical and chemical limitations that can restrict the productivity and sustainability of oil palm plantations, necessitating improvement efforts through the application of soil conditioners. This study aimed to identify the physical and chemical soil properties of two different soil types, namely Ultisols applied with composted oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) enriched with Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) and biochar in block H16 compared to untreated Inceptisols in block H17, as well as to analyze the correlation between soil organic carbon (SOC) and other soil physical and chemical properties. This research employed a descriptive-comparative method, with data analyzed using a two-tailed t-test at a 5% significance level and Pearson's correlation test. The results showed that the application of EFB and biochar at a dose of 20 kg/plant for nine months on Ultisols resulted in higher values and significantly differed from untreated Inceptisols in terms of soil chemical properties, specifically soil organic carbon (p-value 0.037), Ca (p-value 0.019), and Mg (p-value 0.001). Non-significant differences were observed in soil physical properties, including bulk density (p-value 0.052), total porosity (p-value 0.065), and permeability (p-value 0.088), as well as soil chemical properties K (p-value 0.146). Pearson’s correlation test revealed a moderate positive relationship between soil organic carbon and both Ca (r = 0.508) and Mg (r = 0.561), alongside a weak correlation between soil organic carbon and bulk density, permeability, and K parameters.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179699
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      • UF - Soil Science and Land Resources [2892]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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