Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Organik Cair Limbah Tempe dan Bonggol Pisang terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Cabai merah merupakan komoditas hortikultura penting di Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya masih rendah akibat penurunan kesuburan tanah dan ketergantungan terhadap pupuk anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi pupuk organik cair (POC) berbahan limbah tempe dan bonggol pisang terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman cabai merah serta menentukan konsentrasi terbaik. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (50 ml/L air), P2 (75 ml/L air), P3 (100 ml/L air), dan P4 (125 ml/L air), yang masing-masing diulang empat kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey HSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas POC meningkat selama proses fermentasi dan pemberian POC berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman cabai merah. Perlakuan P3 dengan konsentrasi 100 ml/L air memberikan hasil terbaik, dengan tinggi tanaman 33,18 cm, jumlah daun 13,00 helai, dan diameter batang 2,59 cm. Konsentrasi 100 ml/L air merupakan konsentrasi optimum untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman cabai merah, sedangkan peningkatan konsentrasi menjadi 125 ml/L air tidak memberikan peningkatan pertumbuhan yang berbeda nyata. Kata kunci: bonggol pisang, cabai merah, limbah tempe, pertumbuhan vegetatif, pupuk organik cair

Red chili is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia; however, its productivity remains low due to declining soil fertility and dependence on inorganic fertilizers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of varying concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from tempeh waste and banana pseudostem on the vegetative growth of red chili plants and to determine the best concentration. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments, namely P0 (control), P1 (50 ml/L water), P2 (75 ml/L water), P3 (100 ml/L water), and P4 (125 ml/L water), each replicated four times. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's HSD test. The results showed that the quality of the LOF improved during the fermentation process and that the application of LOF significantly affected the vegetative growth of red chili plants. Treatment P3 at a concentration of 100 ml/L water produced the best results, with a plant height of 33.18 cm, 13.00 leaves, and a stem diameter of 2.59 cm. A concentration of 100 ml/L water was the optimum concentration for improving the vegetative growth of red chili plants, while increasing the concentration to 125 ml/L water did not result in a significantly greater improvement in plant growth. Keywords: banana pseudostem, liquid organic fertilizer, red chili, tempeh waste, vegetative growth