Sistem Pengisian Tandon Air Berbasis IoT untuk Mendukung Kegiatan Urban Farming

Abstract

Kegiatan urban farming membutuhkan ketersediaan air yang optimal dan berkelanjutan, sehingga pengelolaan volume air pada tandon perlu dilakukan secara efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem pengisian tandon air otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler ESP32 yang memantau volume aliran air menggunakan water flow sensor dan kapasitas air di dalam tandon menggunakan sensor ultrasonik, mengendalikan solenoid valve berdasarkan nilai ambang batas (threshold) volume 29,7 hingga 34,82 liter, serta menguji akurasi sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 terhadap nilai threshold tersebut. Metode penelitian meliputi studi literatur, perancangan sistem, implementasi perangkat keras dan lunak, serta analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan perhitungan metrik kesalahan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem berhasil menyelesaikan enam siklus pengisian tanpa terjadi luapan air, dengan akurasi sensor yang tinggi terhadap threshold atas (MAPE 1,79%) dan threshold bawah (MAPE 4,49%). Sistem ini menyediakan solusi pengisian tandon air yang andal untuk mendukung ketersediaan air pada kegiatan urban farming.

Urban farming activities require an optimal and sustainable water supply, so water volume management in the tank needs to be carried out efficiently. This study aims to design an automatic water tank filling system based on the ESP32 microcontroller that monitors water flow volume using a water flow sensor and tank capacity using an ultrasonic sensor, controls a solenoid valve based on a volume threshold of 29.7 to 34.82 liters, and tests the accuracy of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor against that threshold. Research methods included literature review, system design, hardware and software implementation, and data analysis using descriptive statistics and error metric calculations. Test results show the system successfully completed six filling cycles without any overflow, with high sensor accuracy against the upper threshold (MAPE of 1.79%) and lower threshold (MAPE of 4.49%). This system provides a reliable water tank filling solution to support water availability for urban farming activities.