Hubungan Kebiasaan Sarapan dan Kualitas Tidur terhadap Short-term Memory Siswa Kelas XII SMA Negeri 2 Tangerang Selatan

Abstract

Kebiasaan sarapan dan kualitas tidur merupakan faktor yang diduga memengaruhi fungsi kognitif, salah satunya short-term memory pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan kebiasaan sarapan dan kualitas tidur dengan short-term memory siswa kelas XII SMA Negeri 2 Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional study dengan melibatkan 66 siswa yang dipilih menggunakan proportionate random sampling. Kebiasaan sarapan dikaji berdasarkan frekuensi, waktu, jenis, dan kontribusi energi sarapan terhadap kebutuhan energi harian. Kualitas tidur diukur menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sedangkan short-term memory diukur menggunakan Digit Span Test. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir 2/3 (60,6%) siswa rutin sarapan, hampir separuh (43,9%) siswa mengonsumsi sarapan <20% kebutuhan AKG dan hampir seluruh (83,3%) memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Sebanyak 54,5% siswa memiliki short-term memory kategori baik. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara frekuensi, waktu, jenis, maupun kontribusi energi sarapan dengan short-term memory (p>0,05). Sebaliknya, kualitas tidur berhubungan signifikan dengan short-term memory (p=0,047). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan kualitas tidur merupakan faktor yang paling berkontribusi terhadap short-term memory. Oleh karena itu, kualitas tidur perlu menjadi perhatian dalam mendukung fungsi kognitif siswa.

Breakfast habits and sleep quality are factors that may influence cognitive function, including short-term memory, among adolescents. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breakfast habits, sleep quality, and short-term memory among 12th-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Tangerang Selatan. A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 66 students selected using proportionate random sampling. Breakfast habits were assessed based on frequency, timing, type, and the contribution of breakfast energy intake to daily energy requirements. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while short-term memory was assessed using the Digit Span Test. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression. The results showed that nearly two-thirds (60.6%) of students regularly consumed breakfast, nearly half (43.9%) consumed breakfast contributing less than 20% of their recommended daily energy intake, and the majority (83.3%) had poor sleep quality. A total of 54.5% of students had good short-term memory. No significant relationships were found between breakfast frequency, timing, type, or energy contribution and short-term memory (p>0.05). In contrast, sleep quality was significantly associated with short-term memory (p=0.047). Multivariate analysis indicated that sleep quality was the factor contributing most to short-term memory. Therefore, sleep quality should be given greater attention to support students' cognitive function.