Inventarisasi Ulat Kantung (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) pada Berbagai Tanaman di Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Ulat kantung (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) merupakan serangga herbivora polifag yang tersebar luas di kawasan tropis dan diketahui menyerang lebih dari 2000 spesies tanaman inang. Kampus IPB Dramaga memiliki keanekaragaman vegetasi yang tinggi, namun inventarisasi genus Psychidae di kawasan ini belum pernah dilakukan secara sistematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi genus ulat kantung yang terdapat di kawasan kampus IPB Dramaga, mendeskripsikan karakteristik morfologi kantung tiap genus, serta menganalisis asosiasi antara genus dan jenis tanaman inang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari–Mei 2026 menggunakan metode jelajah di sembilan zona kampus dengan satu kali frekuensi pengamatan. Identifikasi genus didasarkan pada karakter morfologi kantung meliputi bentuk, ukuran, bahan penyusun, tekstur, dan warna, mengacu pada literatur taksonomi Psychidae standar. Dari 135 spesimen pada 16 jenis tanaman inang berhasil diidentifikasi 11 genus, yaitu Amatissa sp., Chalia sp., Clania sp., Conoeca sp., Eumeta sp., Kophene sp., Manatha sp., Metisa sp., Oiketicus sp., Pagodiella hekmeyeri, dan Pteroma sp. Indeks Shannon-Wiener (H') sebesar 2,281 menunjukkan keanekaragaman genus tergolong sedang. Manatha sp. merupakan genus paling melimpah (KR = 20,74%) dan dominan, sedangkan genus Chalia sp. paling jarang (KR = 2,96%). Rambutan dan jambu air menjadi inang dengan kekayaan genus tertinggi (9 genus). Hasil penelitian ini memperkaya data taksonomi Psychidae di ekosistem kampus tropis Indonesia dan dapat dijadikan informasi awal untuk mendukung pemantauan ulat kantung di lingkungan kampus IPB Dramaga.

Bagworms (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) are polyphagous herbivorous insects widely distributed throughout tropical regions and are known to attack more than 2000 host plant species. IPB University's Dramaga campus harbors high vegetation diversity; however, a systematic inventory of Psychidae genera in this area has never been conducted. This study aimed to inventory the bagworm genera present on the IPB Dramaga campus, describe the morphological characteristics of the bags for each genus, and analyze the association between genera and host tree species. The research was conducted from February to May 2026 using a roaming method across nine campus with each zone observed once during the study period. Genus identification was based on bag morphological characters, including shape, size, constituent material, texture, and color, referring to standard Psychidae taxonomic literature. From 135 specimens collected on 16 host plant species, 11 genera were identified: Amatissa sp., Chalia sp., Clania sp., Conoeca sp., Eumeta sp., Kophene sp., Manatha sp., Metisa sp., Oiketicus sp., Pagodiella hekmeyeri, and Pteroma sp. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') of 2.281 indicated a moderate level of genus diversity. Manatha sp. was the most abundant and dominant genus (RA = 20.74%), whereas Chalia sp. was the rarest (RA = 2.96%). Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and water apple (Syzygium aqueum) were the host plants with the highest genus richness (9 genera each). The results of this study enrich the taxonomic data of Psychidae in a tropical campus ecosystem and can serve as baseline information to support bagworm monitoring within the IPB Dramaga campus environment.