Pengembangan IoT Alat Kontrol pH pada Tanaman Hidroponik

Abstract

Pemantauan derajat keasaman (pH) pada budidaya hidroponik Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) di BRMP Jakarta umumnya dilakukan secara manual, sehingga rentan terhadap inefisiensi dan keterlambatan respons. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem pemantauan pH berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) guna meningkatkan efisiensi pengawasan nutrisi. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan metode Hardware Development Life Cycle (HDLC) dengan mikrokontroler ESP32 dan sensor pH analog. Fluktuasi sinyal akibat interferensi pompa diatasi menggunakan algoritma moving average. Data pemantauan dikirimkan ke Firebase Realtime Database secara nirkabel, lalu ditampilkan melalui antarmuka web dan LCD 20x4 secara lokal. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu menyediakan pemantauan real-time yang stabil dan akurat dengan Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) di bawah 5%. Implementasi sistem IoT ini mengeliminasi kebutuhan pengecekan manual harian dan memungkinkan petugas BRMP Jakarta memantau pH jarak jauh secara efektif, sehingga stabilitas nutrisi tanaman dapat terjaga.

pH monitoring in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic cultivation at BRMP Jakarta is generally done manually, making it prone to inefficiencies and delayed responses. This study aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)-based pH monitoring system to improve the efficiency of nutrient monitoring. The system was developed using the Hardware Development Life Cycle (HDLC) method with an ESP32 microcontroller and an analog pH sensor. Signal fluctuations caused by pump interference were mitigated using a moving average algorithm. Monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the Firebase Realtime Database and then displayed locally via a web interface and a 20x4 LCD. Test results show that the system is capable of providing stable and accurate real-time monitoring with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) below 5%. The implementation of this IoT system eliminates the need for daily manual checks and enables Jakarta BRMP staff to effectively monitor pH remotely, thereby maintaining the stability of plant nutrients.