Aktivitas Minyak Asiri Eksudat Balsam dan Daun Rasamala Terenkapsulasi Alginat sebagai Antirayap

Abstract

Rasamala (Liquidambar excelsa) berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan pengawet alami yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan nanoenkapsul minyak asiri eksudat balsam dan daun rasamala berbasis alginat kalsium menggunakan metode ionotropic gelation, menganalisis karakteristik fisikokimia, dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antirayap terhadap Coptotermes curvignathus berdasarkan standar Japanese Industrial Standards K1571:2010. Rendemen minyak asiri eksudat balsam dan daun masing-masing sebesar 19,85% dan 0,22%, dengan ?-terpinene dan ß-phellandrene sebagai komponen utama. Nanoenkapsul balsam dan daun memiliki ukuran partikel masing-masing 197,47 dan 99,53 nm, polydispersity index 1,277 dan 0,679, serta potensial zeta -95,83 dan -96,33 mV. Nanoenkapsul 2% menghasilkan mortalitas 100% dan kehilangan berat terendah. Nilai Lethal Concentration (LC50) nanoenkapsul balsam dan daun masing-masing sebesar 0,487% dan 0,554%, menunjukkan potensinya dalam meningkatkan efektivitas minyak asiri sebagai antirayap.

Rasamala (Liquidambar excelsa) has potential as an environmentally friendly source of natural wood preservatives. This study aimed to formulate alginate calcium nanoencapsulated essential oils from Rasamala balsam exudate and leaves using the ionotropic gelation method, analyze their physicochemical characteristics, and evaluate their termiticidal activity against Coptotermes curvignathus based on the Japanese Industrial Standard K1571:2010. The essential oil yields from balsam exudate and leaves were 19,85% and 0,22%, respectively, with ?-terpinene and ß phellandrene as the major compounds. The balsam and leaf nanoencapsulates had particle sizes of 197,47 and 99,53 nm, polydispersity index values of 1,277 and 0,679, and zeta potentials of -95,83 and -96,33 mV, respectively. Nanoencapsulation at 2% resulted in 100% mortality and the lowest weight loss. The Lethal Concentration (LC50) values of the balsam and leaf nanoencapsulates were 0,487% and 0,554%, respectively, indicating their potential to enhance the effectiveness of essential oils as termiticidal agents.