Strategi Manajemen Lanskap Budaya Berkelanjutan di Kampung Urug Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Kampung Urug merupakan salah satu kampung adat di Kabupaten Bogor yang masih mempertahankan karakter lanskap budayanya yang khas. Namun, pembangunan wilayah dan tekanan sosial-ekonomi mengancam keberlanjutan nilai budaya dan lingkungan di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi manajemen lanskap budaya berkelanjutan di Kampung Urug. Penelitian terdiri atas empat tahap utama, yaitu: (1) mengidentifikasi karakteristik lanskap budaya menggunakan metode Landscape Character Assessment (LCA), (2) menganalisis signifikansi budaya berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip Burra Charter, (3) menilai keberlanjutan sosial-budaya melalui Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), dan (4) merumuskan strategi manajemen berkelanjutan menggunakan kerangka Value, Rareness, Imitability, Organization (VRIO). Seluruh tahapan penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan partisipatif yang melibatkan masyarakat setempat untuk memastikan hasil penelitian bersifat kontekstual, representatif, dan berakar pada nilai-nilai lokal. Pendekatan partisipatif ini diterapkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan pemetaan partisipatif bersama masyarakat. Identifikasi karakteristik lanskap budaya menghasilkan peta serta profil deskriptif karakter lanskap Kampung Urug; analisis signifikansi budaya mengklasifikasikan elemen-elemen lanskap berdasarkan nilai sejarah, sosial, dan spiritual; sedangkan analisis keberlanjutan sosial-budaya menggambarkan kondisi sosial dan budaya masyarakat yang ada saat ini. Integrasi dari ketiga hasil tersebut menghasilkan rekomendasi strategi manajemen berkelanjutan bagi lanskap budaya Kampung Urug. Rekomendasi utama berfokus pada pengamanan keunggulan berkelanjutan (sustained advantage) melalui integrasi zonasi adat ke dalam Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR) serta penyusunan panduan desain tertulis untuk fasad hunian. Selain itu, keunggulan temporer (temporary advantage) ditingkatkan melalui transformasi ruang komunal serta pemberdayaan kelompok perempuan lokal melalui inisiatif ekonomi kreatif kolektif.

Kampung Urug is one of the traditional villages in Bogor Regency that preserves its distinctive cultural landscape. However, regional development and socio-economic pressures threaten the sustainability of its cultural and environmental values. This study aims to formulate a sustainable cultural landscape management strategy in Kampung Urug. The research consists of four main stages: (1) identifying the characteristics of the cultural landscape using the Landscape Character Assessment (LCA) method, (2) analyzing cultural significance based on the principles of the Burra Charter, (3) assessing socio-cultural sustainability through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), and (4) formulating sustainable management strategies using the Value, Rareness, Imitability, Organization (VRIO) framework. All stages of the research were conducted through a participatory approach involving the local community to ensure that the results are contextual, representative, and rooted in local values. The participatory approach was implemented through field observations, interviews, and participatory mapping with the local community. The identification of cultural landscape characteristics produces maps and descriptive profiles of Kampung Urug’s landscape character, the cultural significance analysis classifies landscape elements based on historical, social, and spiritual values, and the socio-cultural sustainability analysis describes the existing social and cultural conditions. The integration of these results generates recommendations for sustainable management strategies for Kampung Urug’s cultural landscape. The primary recommendations focus on securing sustained advantages through integrating customary zoning into regional spatial plans (RDTR) and formulating written design guidelines for residential facades. Additionally, temporary advantages are enhanced by transforming communal spaces and empowering local women's groups through collective creative economy initiatives.