| dc.contributor.advisor | Efendi, Darda | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sukma, Dewi | |
| dc.contributor.author | MKOMWA, DYAGA FOLLEN | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-14T10:52:27Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-14T10:52:27Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179118 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The Solomon teak (Tectona grandis L.) is a superior clone with fast growth and good quality wood. However, its multiplication is still a problem because of the low viability of the seeds and the limitations of typical vegetative propagation methods. Plant tissue culture has become one of the promising alternatives for mass production of genetically uniform planting materials available throughout the year. The present study was undertaken to optimize shoot proliferation and to develop a callus induction system for in vitro propagation of Solomon teak as a basis for embryogenic callus formation.
This study consisted of two experiments. The first experiment evaluated the effects of two basal media, Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM), supplemented with benzylaminopurine (BAP) at concentrations of 6, 8, 10, and 12 mg L?¹ on bud proliferation from single-node explants. The second experiment comprised three sequential stages. Experiment 2a evaluated the effect of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA; 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mg L?¹) on callus induction from 0.5 cm internode explants cultured on MS medium containing a constant concentration of 3 mg L?¹ thidiazuron (TDZ). Experiment 2b investigated the effects of TDZ (0.1, 1.0, and 3.0 mg L?¹) in MS and WPM media on callus induction. Experiment 2c evaluated somatic embryogenesis by transferring calli from the most responsive treatment in Experiment 2b onto MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L?¹ BAP, 5 mM Ascorbic acid (AA), and either 6 or 8 mg L?¹ TDZ.
The results showed that WPM supplemented with BAP promoted greater shoot proliferation than MS medium, producing three to five shoots per explant compared with approximately two shoots on MS medium. In Experiment 2a, varying the IBA concentration influenced callus development, with all treatments producing compact white callus but none directly inducing embryogenic callus. In Experiment 2b, MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L?¹ TDZ produced the healthiest and most vigorous callus, making it the most suitable material for subsequent embryogenesis. In Experiment 2c, subculturing these calli onto media containing 6 or 8 mg L?¹ TDZ induced marked morphological changes, including cream-to-yellowish nodular structures and densely stained meristematic cells characteristic of embryogenic callus. These findings indicate that while IBA concentration affected callus formation during the initial induction stage, increasing TDZ concentration during subculture enhanced embryogenic competence and provided a promising approach for somatic embryogenesis in Solomon teak.
Therefore, the present work identified an effective medium for bud development and presented a potential technique in creating calluses with embryogenic features in Solomon teak. The results of this research are likely to serve as the foundation for designing a more effective in vitro regeneration system to promote mass propagation, germplasm conservation and teak breeding and biotechnology efforts. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Jati Solomon (Tectona grandis L.) merupakan klon unggul dengan pertumbuhan cepat dan kualitas kayu yang tinggi, namun perbanyakannya masih menghadapi kendala akibat rendahnya viabilitas benih serta keterbatasan metode perbanyakan vegetatif secara konvensional. Kultur jaringan menjadi salah satu alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk menghasilkan bibit dalam jumlah besar, seragam secara genetik, dan tersedia sepanjang tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan proliferasi tunas serta mengembangkan sistem induksi kalus sebagai dasar pembentukan kalus embriogenik dalam perbanyakan in vitro jati Solomon.
Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua percobaan. Percobaan pertama mengevaluasi pengaruh dua media dasar, yaitu Murashige dan Skoog (MS) dan Woody Plant Medium (WPM), yang dikombinasikan dengan benzylaminopurine (BAP) pada konsentrasi 6, 8, 10, dan 12 mg L?¹ terhadap proliferasi tunas dari eksplan buku tunggal. Percobaan kedua dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Tahap pertama mengevaluasi pengaruh kombinasi thidiazuron (TDZ) 3 mg L?¹ dengan indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) pada konsentrasi 0,01; 0,05; 0,10; dan 0,15 mg L?¹ terhadap induksi dan pertumbuhan kalus dari eksplan ruas batang. Tahap kedua menguji pengaruh TDZ pada konsentrasi 0,1; 1; dan 3 mg L?¹ terhadap pertumbuhan kalus, sedangkan tahap ketiga mengevaluasi respons kalus hasil tahap kedua setelah disubkultur ke media MS yang mengandung TDZ 6 atau 8 mg L?¹.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media WPM yang diperkaya BAP menghasilkan proliferasi tunas lebih tinggi dibandingkan media MS, dengan rata-rata tiga hingga lima tunas per eksplan, sedangkan media MS hanya menghasilkan sekitar dua tunas. Pada tahap induksi kalus, seluruh kombinasi media menghasilkan kalus kompak dan belum mampu menginduksi kalus embriogenik secara langsung. Namun, setelah disubkultur ke media yang mengandung TDZ 6 atau 8 mg L?¹, kalus mengalami perubahan morfologi yang menunjukkan karakteristik kalus embriogenik. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi TDZ pada tahap subkultur berpotensi meningkatkan kompetensi embriogenik kalus.
Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi media yang efektif untuk proliferasi tunas serta menunjukkan pendekatan yang berpotensi dalam menghasilkan kalus dengan karakteristik embriogenik pada jati Solomon. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar pengembangan sistem regenerasi in vitro yang lebih efisien untuk mendukung perbanyakan massal, konservasi plasma nutfah, serta program pemuliaan dan bioteknologi jati. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Tanzani Forest Fund | |
| dc.language.iso | id | |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.title | Effect of Media Compositions, Cytokinins, and Auxin on Bud Proliferation, Callus Induction, and Somatic Embryogenesis on Solomon teak (Tectona grandis L.) | id |
| dc.title.alternative | Pengaruh Komposisi Media, Sitokinin, dan Auksin terhadap Proliferasi Tunas, Induksi Kalus, dan Embriogenesis Somatik pada Jati Solomon (Tectona grandis L.) | |
| dc.type | Tesis | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Basic medium | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | bud proliferation | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | somatic embryogenesis | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | Solomon teak | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | TDZ | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | callus induction | id |
| dc.subtype | Theses | |