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      Estimasi Potensi Kerugian Ekonomi Akibat Overweight dan Obesitas Remaja di Indonesia

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Mufidati, Fuaidiyati Azka
      Martianto, Drajat
      Mauludyani, Anna Vipta Resti
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      Abstract
      Overweight dan obesitas pada remaja merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang semakin meningkat di Indonesia dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan dewasa serta produktivitas ekonomi nasional. Status gizi lebih pada masa remaja cenderung menetap hingga dewasa dan meningkatkan risiko penyakit tidak menular. Kondisi ini menimbulkan beban ekonomi melalui peningkatan biaya pelayanan kesehatan dan kehilangan produktivitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat overweight dan obesitas pada remaja usia 13–18 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2023 menggunakan pendekatan Cost of Illness (COI) berbasis prevalensi. Jumlah remaja yang diprediksi tetap mengalami overweight atau obesitas saat dewasa dihitung menggunakan faktor koreksi, sedangkan proporsi komorbiditas yang dapat diatribusikan pada status gizi lebih dihitung menggunakan Population Attributable Fraction (PAF). Kehilangan produktivitas diestimasi menggunakan Human Capital Approach (HCA). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 2,58 juta remaja diprediksi mempertahankan status gizi lebih hingga dewasa. Potensi biaya perawatan kesehatan mencapai Rp15,31 triliun, terutama berasal dari pelayanan rawat inap, dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 sebagai penyumbang terbesar. Kehilangan produktivitas akibat ketidakhadiran kerja diperkirakan sebesar Rp946,83 miliar. Total potensi kerugian ekonomi mencapai Rp16,25 triliun atau sekitar 0,07% Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia tahun 2023. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya intervensi pencegahan sejak remaja untuk mengurangi beban ekonomi di masa depan.
       
      Overweight and obesity among Indonesian adolescents are emerging public health concerns with long-term health and economic implications. Excess nutritional status during adolescence tends to persist into adulthood and increases the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), generating economic burdens through healthcare expenditures and productivity losses. This study aimed to estimate the potential economic losses attributable to overweight and obesity among Indonesian adolescents aged 13–18 years in 2023. A prevalence-based Cost of Illness (COI) approach was applied using national secondary data. The number of adolescents predicted to remain overweight or obese in adulthood was estimated using correction factors, while Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) estimate comorbidities attributable to excess weight. Productivity losses were assessed using the Human Capital Approach (HCA). Approximately 2.58 million adolescents are expected to maintain excess nutritional status into adulthood, comprising 2.01 million overweight and 575 thousand obese individuals. Potential healthcare expenditures reached IDR 15.31 trillion, with inpatient care and type 2 diabetes mellitus contributing the largest shares. Productivity losses due to absenteeism were estimated at IDR 946.83 billion. Total potential economic losses amounted to IDR 16.25 trillion, equivalent to 0.07% of Indonesia’s 2023 GDP. These findings highlight the substantial economic burden and urgency of early prevention.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179040
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      • UF - Nutrition [33]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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