Kekuatan Geser Tanah dan Aktivitas Biologi pada Lahan dengan Lubang Resapan Berbasis Biopori di Petak Erosi Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan

Abstract

Lubang resapan berbasis biopori (LRB) diduga dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik dan biologi tanah serta bermanfaat bagi lingkungan. Penelitian yang secara khusus mengkaji keterkaitan LRB terhadap peningkatan sifat fisik dan biologi tanah, serta implikasinya terhadap ketahanan tanah melalui pengukuran kekuatan geser tanah masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kekuatan geser tanah dan aktivitas biologis pada tanah Latosol Dramaga dengan penerapan LRB di petak erosi Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktor tunggal yaitu ragam LRB berisi bahan organik serasah jagung dan sampah sayuran dengan kedalaman lubang 50 cm dan 100 cm sejumlah tiga kelompok. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kekuatan geser tanah menggunakan vane shear test, tekstur, bobot isi, ruang pori total, C-organik, keanekaragaman fauna, kelimpahan fauna, total mikroba, dan total fungi tanah. Ragam perlakuan LRB tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kekuatan geser, bobot isi, ruang pori total, C-organik, keanekaragaman fauna, kelimpahan fauna, total mikroba, dan total fungi tanah. Kekuatan geser tanah cenderung lebih tinggi pada lapisan 0 cm – 20 cm, menurun pada lapisan 20 cm – 60 cm dan meningkat kembali pada lapisan 80 cm – 100 cm. Penerapan Ragam LRB meyebabkan perubahan pada keanekaragaman fauna, kelimpahan fauna, total mikroba, dan total fungi tanah pada setiap umur pengamatan.

Biopore-infiltration hole (LRB) believed to improve the physical and biological properties of soil and offer environmental benefits. Research specifically examining the relationship between LRBs and improvements in soil physical and biological properties, as well as its implications for soil stability through measurements of soil shear strength, remains relatively limited. This study aimed to identify soil shear strength and biological activity in Dramaga Latosol soil through the application of LRB in the erosion plot at the Cikabayan Educational Garden, Bogor Agricultural University. The study employed a single-factor Randomized Block Design (RAK), utilizing LRB filled with organic matter comprising maize straw and vegetable waste, with hole depths of 50 cm and 100 cm across three blocks. The parameters observed included soil shear strength using the vane shear test, bulk density, total pore space, organic carbon, fauna diversity, fauna abundance, total microb, and total fungi. The LRB treatment variations did not have a significant effect on soil shear strength, bulk density, total pore space, organic carbon, fauna diversity, fauna abundance, total microb, and total fungi. Soil shear strength tended to be higher in the 0 cm – 20 cm layer, decreased in the 20 cm – 60 cm layer, and increased again in the 80 cm – 100 cm layer. The application of various LRB treatments resulted in changes to fauna diversity, fauna abundance, total microb and total fungi at each observation stage.