Nilai Hemogram Ayam IPB D2 yang Terserang Virus Newcastle Disease (ND)

Abstract

Newcastle Disease (ND) merupakan penyakit viral pada unggas yang dapat menimbulkan kematian tinggi dan gangguan produktivitas. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis nilai hemogram ayam IPB D2 yang terinfeksi ND berdasarkan kelompok umur. Sebanyak 20 sampel darah dipilih dari 60 sampel arsip, terdiri dari 10 sampel ayam berumur <8 minggu dan 10 sampel ayam berumur >16 minggu. Parameter yang diamati meliputi eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, indeks eritrosit, leukosit total, diferensial leukosit, dan rasio heterofil/limfosit (H/L). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan sebagian besar parameter tidak berbeda nyata antar kelompok umur (p>0,05). Perbedaan nyata hanya ditemukan pada MCHC (p = 0,003) meskipun nilainya masih berada di sekitar rentang acuan. Persentase limfosit kedua kelompok berada di bawah acuan, sedangkan peningkatan rasio H/L mengindikasikan stres fisiologis atau respons infeksi akut. Umur tidak memengaruhi nilai hemogram ayam IPB D2 yang terserang ND, namun rendahnya persentase limfosit dan tingginya rasio H/L menunjukkan adanya respons fisiologis terhadap infeksi.

Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral disease of poultry that can cause high mortality and reduced productivity. This study aimed to analyze the hemogram values of NDinfected IPB D2 chickens based on age group. A total of 20 blood samples were selected from 60 archived samples, consisting of 10 chickens aged <8 weeks and 10 chickens aged >16 weeks. The parameters evaluated included erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, erythrocyte indices, total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, and the heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. Data were analyzed descriptively using an independent samples t-test. The results showed that most hematological parameters did not differ significantly between the age groups (p > 0.05). A significant difference was observed only in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (p = 0.003), although the values remained within the reference range. The lymphocyte percentages in both groups were below the reference values, whereas an increased H/L ratio indicated physiological stress or an acute infectious response. Age did not affect the hemogram values of ND-infected IPB D2 chickens; however, the low lymphocyte percentages and elevated H/L ratio indicated a physiological response to infection.