Gambaran Imunohistokimia Superoksida Dismutase pada Testis Tikus Diabetes yang Diberi Granul Instan Daun Undis dan Jahe

Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah di atas normal (hiperglikemia), yang meningkatkan produksi reactive oxygen species dan menurunkan pertahanan antioksidan pada jaringan testis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis gambaran imunohistokimia copper,zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) pada testis tikus model diabetes yang diberi granul instan daun undis (Cajanus cajan) dan jahe (Zingiber officinale). Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus jantan Sprague-Dawley dibagi menjadi lima kelompok: kontrol negatif (KN), kontrol positif (KP), metformin 150 mg/kg BB (MET), granul instan daun undis dan jahe dosis 300 mg/kg BB (G1), dan dosis 150 mg/kg BB (G2). Tikus model diabetes diinduksi streptozotocin 35 mg/kg BB dan diberi perlakuan selama 28 hari. Testis diproses secara histologis dan kandungan Cu,Zn-SOD dianalisis dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Kelompok G2 menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan kelompok G1, ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan bobot badan, penurunan jumlah konsumsi pakan dan minum, evaluasi area dibawah kurva (AUC) kadar glukosa darah lebih rendah secara nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan KP dan kandungan Cu,Zn-SOD kelompok G2 paling tinggi dibandingkan semua kelompok perlakuan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan pemberian granul instan dosis 150 mg/kg BB (G2) memberikan efek paling baik dalam memperbaiki profil antioksidan Cu,Zn-SOD pada testis tikus model diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels above normal (hyperglycemia), which increase the production of reactive oxygen species and reduce antioxidant defenses in testicular tissue. This study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical profile of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) in testes of diabetic rat models treated with pigeon pea leaf (Cajanus cajan) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) instant granules. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: negative control (KN), positive control (KP), metformin 150 mg/kg BW (MET), and instant granules of pigeon pea leaves and ginger at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW (G1) and a dose of 150 mg/kg BW (G2). The diabetic rat models were induced with streptozotocin at 35 mg/kg BW and treated for 28 days. The testes were histologically processed, and Cu,Zn-SOD levels were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. Group G2 showed better results than Group G1, as indicated by increased body weight, reduced feed and water intake, a significantly lower area under the curve (AUC) for blood glucose levels (P < 0.05) compared to group KP, and the highest Cu,Zn-SOD content among all treatment groups. Based on research, it can be concluded that administration of instant granules at a dose of 150 mg/kg BW (G2) showed the most effective resnponse in improving the Cu,Zn-SOD antioxidant profile in the testes of diabetic rat models.