Pemetaan Potensi Banjir Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kecamatan Bojonggede Kabupaten Bogor serta Upaya Mitigasi

Abstract

Banjir merupakan bencana hidrometeorologi yang sering terjadi di Kecamatan Bojonggede, Kabupaten Bogor, akibat curah hujan tinggi, kepadatan permukiman, dan sistem drainase yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan potensi banjir menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan menyusun upaya mitigasi berbasis wilayah. Pemetaan dilakukan dengan metode Multi-Criteria Evaluation dan weighted overlay terhadap lima parameter, yaitu curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, penggunaan lahan, jenis tanah, dan buffer sungai, mengacu pada SNI 8197:2015 skala 1:25.000. Hasil menunjukkan potensi banjir terbagi tiga kelas: rendah 1.408,24 ha (49,65%), sedang 1.313,15 ha (46,30%), dan tinggi 115,07 ha (4,06%), dengan kelas tinggi terkonsentrasi pada kawasan berlereng datar dan padat permukiman dekat sungai. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disusun mitigasi struktural (normalisasi sungai, tanggul, perbaikan drainase) dan nonstruktural (penegakan sempadan sungai, rehabilitasi daerah tangkapan air) untuk mendukung penataan ruang berkelanjutan.

Flooding is a hydrometeorological hazard frequently occurring in Bojonggede District, Bogor Regency, driven by high rainfall, dense settlement, and limited drainage capacity. This study aimed to map flood potential using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and to formulate area-based mitigation measures. Mapping was conducted using Multi-Criteria Evaluation and weighted overlay methods on five parameters rainfall, slope, land use, soil type, and river buffer referring to SNI 8197:2015 at a scale of 1:25,000. Results showed flood potential divided into three classes: low, 1,408.24 ha (49.65%); medium, 1,313.15 ha (46.30%); and high, 115.07 ha (4.06%), with the high class concentrated in flat, densely settled areas near rivers. Based on these results, structural mitigation (river normalization, embankments, drainage improvement) and non-structural mitigation (river border enforcement, catchment area rehabilitation) were formulated to support sustainable spatial planning.