Lalat Buah (Bactrocera spp.) pada Tanaman Cabai dan Parasitoidnya di Tenjolaya, Bogor, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Serangan lalat buah (Diptera: Tephritidae) pada tanaman cabai dapat menyebabkan kerusakan buah sehingga menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas hasil panen secara signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan luas serangan dan intensitas serangan, serta menginventarisasi spesies lalat buah dan parasitoidnya dari hasil pemerangkapan serta pemeliharaan buah terserang. Penelitian dilakukan pada dua lahan pertanaman cabai di Tenjolaya, Bogor, Jawa Barat, varietas Lado F1 dan Pilar F1. Rata-rata luas serangan tergolong sedang pada varietas Lado F1 (36,0%) dan berat pada varietas Pilar F1 (54,7%), sedangkan intensitas serangan pada kedua varietas tergolong ringan, yaitu 8,5 dan 12,9%. Tiga spesies lalat buah diidentifikasi dari hasil pemerangkapan, yaitu Bactrocera dorsalis, B. carambolae, dan B. umbrosa, dengan total 417 individu; dua spesies pertama tergolong dominan, sedangkan B. umbrosa non dominan. Hasil pemeliharaan buah terserang mengonfirmasi B. dorsalis (81–83%) dan B. carambolae (17–19%) sebagai hama utama yang berkembang biak di dalam buah cabai, serta dua genus parasitoid dari Famili Braconidae, yaitu Fopius sp. dan Diachasmimorpha sp., dengan total tingkat parasitisasi masing-masing 8,0 dan 16,9% pada varietas Lado F1 dan Pilar F1.

Fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestation on chili can cause fruit damage, thereby significantly reducing both the quality and quantity of the harvest. This study aimed to determine the extent and intensity of infestation, as well as to inventory fruit fly species and their parasitoids based on trapping results and the rearing of infested fruits. The research was conducted in two chili fields in Tenjolaya, Bogor, West Java, using the Lado F1 and Pilar F1 varieties. The average extent of infestation was classified as moderate in the Lado F1 variety (36.0%) and severe in the Pilar F1 variety (54.7%), whereas the infestation intensity in both varieties was classified as low, at 8.5 and 12.9%, respectively. Three fruit fly species were identified from the trapping results, namely Bactrocera dorsalis, B. carambolae, and B. umbrosa, with a total of 417 individuals; the first two species were classified as dominant, while B. umbrosa was non-dominant. The rearing of infested fruits confirmed B. dorsalis (81–83%) and B. carambolae (17–19%) as the primary pests developing within chili fruits, along with two parasitoid genera from the Family Braconidae, namely Fopius sp. And Diachasmimorpha sp., with total parasitization rates of 8.0 and 16.9% in the Lado F1 and Pilar F1 varieties, respectively.