Sintesis dan Aplikasi Adsorben dari Kulit Beligo (Benincasa hispida) untuk Penjerapan Ion Kobalt(II) dalam Limbah Industri

Abstract

Arang aktif kulit beligo berpotensi sebagai adsorben logam berat karena memiliki struktur berpori dan gugus fungsi aktif. Penelitian ini mensintesis adsorben melalui aktivasi HCl dan NaOH serta mengevaluasi kemampuannya menjerap ion Co(II). Karakterisasi meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat mudah menguap, daya serap iodin, daya serap biru metilen, dan analisis gugus fungsi. Mekanisme adsorpsi dianalisis menggunakan model isoterm pada konsentrasi 100500 mg/L. Kinerja adsorben dievaluasi berdasarkan efektivitas adsorpsi dan regenerasi. Adsorben yang diaktivasi NaOH pada pH 6 menunjukkan efisiensi adsorpsi tertinggi sebesar 99% pada limbah air. Penurunan daya adsorpsi sebesar 12,65% pada siklus pertama dan penurunan daya adsorpsi sebesar 29,77% pada siklus kedua akibat kejenuhan adsorben, namun tetap menunjukkan potensi yang baik untuk mengolah limbah yang mengandung ion Co(II).

Activated carbon derived from beligo peel has potential as a heavy metal adsorbent due to its porous structure and active functional groups. This study synthesized adsorbents through HCl and NaOH activation and evaluated their ability to adsorb Co(II) ions. Characterization included moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, iodine adsorption capacity, methylene blue adsorption capacity, and functional group analysis. The adsorption mechanism was analyzed using isotherm models at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L. Adsorbent performance was evaluated based on adsorption effectiveness and regeneration capability. The NaOH-activated adsorbent at pH 6 exhibited the highest adsorption efficiency of 99%. A decrease in adsorption capacity of 12.65% in the first cycle and 29.77% in the second cycle was observed due to adsorbent saturation; however, the adsorbent still demonstrated good potential for treating wastewater containing Co(II) ions.