Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Arabika di Java Coffee Estate

Abstract

Kopi merupakan komoditas perkebunan bernilai ekonomis tinggi, tetapi ketergantungan pada pupuk anorganik pada tahap pembibitan berisiko mencemari lingkungan dan menurunkan kesuburan tanah. Sementara itu, limbah kulit ceri kopi dan kotoran ternak di Kebun Java Coffee Estate belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi pupuk organik cair (POC) serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika varietas Komasti. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dua faktor, yaitu jenis POC (kontrol, kotoran sapi, serta kotoran kambing + limbah kulit kopi) dan konsentrasi (0, 50, 75, dan 100 ml l?¹), dengan tujuh kombinasi perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Peubah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan jumlahdaun, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa jenis dan konsentrasi POC serta interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh peubah pertumbuhan. POC berbahan kotoran kambing dan limbah kulit ceri kopi pada konsentrasi 75 ml l?¹ l?¹ (P2K2) memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik.

Coffee is a high-value plantation commodity; however, reliance on inorganic fertilizers during the nursery stage may pose environmental risks and reduce soil fertility. Meanwhile, coffee cherry husk waste and livestock manure at Java Coffee Estate have not been optimally utilized. This study aimed to analyze the effects of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) type and concentration, as well as their interaction, on the growth of Komasti variety Arabica coffee seedlings. The study used a twofactor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), consisting of LOF types (control, cow manure, and a mixture of goat manure and coffee husk waste) and concentrations (0, 50, 75, and 100 ml l?¹), with seven treatment combinations and three replications. Plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves were observed and analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% significance level, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that LOF type, concentration, and their interaction significantly affected all growth variables. LOF made from goat manure and coffee cherry husk waste at a concentration of 75 ml l?¹ (P2K2) resulted in the best growth.