Pemanfaatan Limbah Kapsul Gelatin sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Biodegradable Plastic Wrap dengan Penambahan Selulosa Onggok Singkong
Date
2026Jenis/Type
Tugas AkhirSubtype
Undergraduate ThesesAuthor
HADI, NISMARA ARISTAWIDYA PUTRANTI
Wahdi, Emil
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Limbah kapsul gelatin dari industri farmasi dan onggok singkong dari industri tapioka berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku biodegradable plastic wrap untuk mengurangi timbulan limbah dan penggunaan plastik konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik biodegradable plastic wrap berbasis limbah kapsul gelatin dengan penambahan selulosa onggok singkong sebagai bio-filler pada tiga formulasi, yaitu A0 (100:0), A1 (98:2), dan A2 (95:5). Karakterisasi meliputi penampakan visual, sifat mekanik, sifat fisik, serta biodegradabilitas. Penambahan selulosa cenderung meningkatkan kuat tarik dengan nilai rata-rata 1,15-2,75 MPa, sedangkan elongasi tertinggi diperoleh pada A1 sebesar 161,61%. A1 menunjukkan karakteristik paling seimbang dengan kuat tarik 2,44 MPa, elongasi 161,61%, kadar air 17,58%, dan biodegradabilitas 89,75% selama lima hari. Namun, karakteristik yang dihasilkan belum sepenuhnya setara dengan plastic wrap komersial berbahan PVC. Secara teoritis, timbulan limbah kapsul gelatin sebesar 16,8 ton per bulan berpotensi menghasilkan sekitar 685.700 lembar biodegradable plastic wrap. Gelatin capsule waste from the pharmaceutical industry and cassava pulp from the tapioca industry have potential as raw materials for biodegradable plastic wrap to reduce waste generation and conventional plastic use. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of biodegradable plastic wrap based on gelatin capsule waste with cassava pulp cellulose as a bio-filler at three formulations: A0 (100:0), A1 (98:2), and A2 (95:5). Characterization included visual appearance, mechanical properties, physical properties, and biodegradability. Cellulose addition tended to increase tensile strength, with average values of 1.15-2.75 MPa, while the highest elongation was obtained in A1 at 161.61%. A1 showed the most balanced characteristics, with tensile strength of 2.44 MPa, elongation of 161.61%, moisture content of 17.58%, and biodegradability of 89.75% after five days. However, its characteristics were not fully comparable to commercial PVC plastic wrap. Theoretically, 16.8 tons of gelatin capsule waste per month could produce approximately 685,700 sheets of biodegradable plastic wrap.

