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      Perbandingan Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) terhadap Berbagai Metode Pematahan Dormansi Benih

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Wijaya, Adi
      Guntoro, Dwi
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      Abstract
      ADI WIJAYA. Perbandingan Respon Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) terhadap Berbagai Metode Pematahan Dormansi Benih. Dibimbing oleh DWI GUNTORO. Benih kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) memiliki masa dormansi alami yang menyebabkan perkecambahan berlangsung lambat dan tidak seragam, sehingga penyaluran bibit ke lapangan berlangsung cukup lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perlakuan pematahan dormansi yang paling efektif terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika dengan membandingkan larutan GA3, KNO3, dan air panas. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada November 2025–Februari 2026 di lahan persemaian PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5 Kebun Java Coffee Estate, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur, menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan tujuh perlakuan, tiga ulangan, dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 840 benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan KNO3 0,4% merupakan perlakuan yang paling efektif setelah diuji secara statistik pada taraf a = 5% karena mampu mempertahankan daya berkecambah dan daya hidup kecambah hingga 100% pada 90 HST, mempercepat perkecambahan dengan nilai rata-rata 1,3 benih/hari, waktu pertama berkecambah pada 25,7 hari, memiliki indeks vigor yang tinggi dengan hasil 67,50%, serta menghasilkan kualitas bibit terbaik dengan tinggi batang mencapai 6,21 cm dan diameter batang 1,62 mm pada awal pengamatan, hasil ini diduga karena KNO3 dapat meningkatkan imbibisi dan aktivasi metabolisme benih. Kata kunci : air panas, GA3, kecepatan berkecambah, KNO3, pertumbuhan bibit
       
      ADI WIJAYA. Comparison of Germination Responses of Arabica Coffee Seeds (Coffea arabica L.) to Various Seed Dormancy-Breaking Methods. Supervised by DWI GUNTORO. Arabica coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.) have a natural dormancy period that causes slow, uneven germination and delays seedling distribution to the field. This study aimed to identify the most effective dormancy-breaking treatment for Arabica coffee germination and seedling growth by comparing GA3, KNO3, and hot water treatments. The research was conducted from November 2025 to February 2026 at the nursery of PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 5, Java Coffee Estate, Bondowoso, East Java, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven treatments, three replications, and 840 seeds. Statistical analysis at a = 5% showed that 0.4% KNO3 was the most effective treatment, maintaining 100% germination and seedling survival at 90 days after sowing, accelerating germination to 1.3 seeds/day, shortening the first germination time to 25.7 days, yielding a high vigor index (67.50%), and producing the best seedling quality (stem height 6.21 cm; stem diameter 1.62 mm) at initial observation—likely due to KNO3's role in enhancing imbibition and activating seed metabolism. Keywords: GA3, germination rate, hot water, KNO3, seedling growth
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/178272
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      • UF - Technology and Management of Plantation Production [207]

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