Pemanfaatan Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) di Kecamatan Singkep Selatan, Kabupaten Lingga, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

Abstract

Kelapa merupakan tanaman serbaguna yang memiliki nilai ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya bagi masyarakat. Pemanfaatan kelapa di Kecamatan Singkep Selatan terbatas pada produk konvensional menyebabkan nilai tambah belum optimal. Penelitian bertujuan inventarisasi potensi tegakan kelapa, menduga potensi produksi kelapa dan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman pemanfaatan kelapa berbasis etnobotani. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Marok Kecil dan Desa Resang menggunakan metode observasi lapang, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan dokumentasi, dengan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan klasifikasi umur tegakan didominasi kelas umur >30 tahun dan luas lahan 192,72 ha, jumlah 30.064 tegakan, dan jumlah produksi sebanyak 1.461 buah. Potensi produksi sabut kelapa mencapai 49,13 ton/bulan dan air kelapa sebesar 13.072,5 liter/bulan. Nilai Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) tertinggi pada bagian daging buah sebesar 7,05, sedangkan santan memiliki nilai Use Value (UV) tertinggi sebesar 0,37. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa potensi tegakan perlu dilakukan peremajaan dan produksi kelapa dapat mendukung pengelolaan serta pengembangan budidaya kelapa secara berkelanjutan.

The coconut (Cocos nucifera) holds significant economic, social, and cultural value for local communities. In South Singkep Subdistrict, coconut utilization remains limited to conventional products, leaving its added value underdeveloped. This study aimed to inventory coconut stand potential, estimate production potential, and identify the diversity of coconut uses through an ethnobotanical approach. Research was conducted in Marok Kecil and Resang Villages using field observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, analyzed through qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods. Results showed that stands were dominated by trees older than 30 years, covering 192.72 ha with 30,064 trees and a total production of 1,461 coconuts. Estimated production potential reached 49,13 metric tons of coconut fiber per month and 13,072.5 liters of coconut water per month. Fruit pulp recorded the highest Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) at 7,05, while coconut milk had the highest Use Value (UV) at 0,37. These findings indicate the need for stand rejuvenation to support sustainable coconut cultivation development.