STATUS MIKORIZA ARBNUSKULA DI HUTAN SEKUNDER DATARAN RENDAH AREA HUTAMOSU PT AGINCOURT RESOURCES, TAPANULI SELATAN

Abstract

Fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) merupakan mikroorganisme tanah yang berperan penting dalam meningkatkan penyerapan unsur hara dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Namun, status mikoriza arbuskula pada vegetasi hutan sekunder dataran rendah area Hutamosu belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis status mikoriza arbuskula melalui analisis vegetasi, kolonisasi akar, dan identifikasi spora FMA. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lima plot berukuran 20 × 20 m menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel akar diambil dari satu spesies tumbuhan yang mewakili vegetasi pada setiap plot, sedangkan sampel tanah digunakan untuk isolasi spora dengan metode wet sieving and decanting. Kolonisasi akar diamati menggunakan pewarnaan Trypan Blue. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vegetasi didominasi oleh famili Euphorbiaceae dan Fabaceae dengan 30 spesies tumbuhan inang. Kolonisasi akar ditandai oleh terbentuknya hifa internal, entry point, vesikula, arbuskula dan koil dengan tingkat kolonisasi 41,67–75,64%. Identifikasi spora menunjukkan keberadaan dua genus FMA, yaitu Glomus dan Acaulospora. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, hutan sekunder dataran rendah area Hutamosu memiliki status mikoriza yang tergolong mikotropik.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms that play an important role in enhancing nutrient uptake and plant growth. However, the mycorrhizal status of vegetation in the Hutamosu Lowland Secondary Forest has not yet been identified. This study aimed to analyze the arbuscular mycorrhizal status through vegetation analysis, root colonization, and AMF spore identification. Sampling was conducted in five 20 × 20 m plots using a purposive sampling method. Root samples were collected from one representative plant species in each plot, while soil samples were used for AMF spore isolation using the wet sieving and decanting method. Root colonization was examined using the Trypan Blue staining technique. The results showed that the vegetation was dominated by the families Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae, comprising 30 host plant species. Root colonization was characterized by the presence of internal hyphae, entry points, vesicles, arbuscules and coil with colonization rates ranging from 41.67% to 75.64%. Spore identification revealed the presence of two AMF genera, namely Glomus and Acaulospora. These findings indicate that the Hutamosu Lowland Secondary Forest exhibits a mycotrophic status.