Optimasi Penjadwalan Perawat Menggunakan Fuzzy Goal Programming: Studi Kasus di UGD RSUD Kota Semarang

Abstract

Penjadwalan perawat memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung efektivitas operasional rumah sakit dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Penyusunan jadwal perawat yang masih dilakukan secara manual sering kali kurang efisien dan rentan terhadap kesalahan, terutama ketika melibatkan banyak perawat dan berbagai aturan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun model penjadwalan perawat di Unit Gawat Darurat RSUD Kota Semarang menggunakan Fuzzy Goal Programming (FGP) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak LINGO 21.0 serta membandingkan hasilnya dengan Goal Programming (GP). Model yang dikembangkan mempertimbangkan berbagai kendala dan preferensi kerja perawat, meliputi jumlah minimum shift pagi, siang, dan malam, pemerataan jumlah shift, serta pemberian libur di akhir pekan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model FGP yang dibangun menghasilkan solusi penjadwalan dengan distribusi beban kerja yang lebih merata dibandingkan model GP.

Nurse scheduling plays a crucial role in supporting the operational effectiveness of hospitals and the quality of healthcare services. Scheduling that is performed manually is often inefficient and prone to errors, particularly when it involves a large number of nurses and various work regulations. This study aims to develop a nurse scheduling model for the Emergency Department of Semarang Regional Public Hospital using the Fuzzy Goal Programming (FGP) with the assistance of LINGO 21.0 software and to compare the results with those obtained using the Goal Programming (GP). The proposed model incorporates various scheduling constraints and nurses' work preferences, including the minimum number of morning, afternoon, and night shifts, equitable distribution of shifts, and weekend day-off assignments. The results indicate that the developed FGP model produces a nurse scheduling solution with a more balanced workload distribution than the GP model.