Efektivitas Agen Pendestruksi Basah untuk Analisis Besi dan Mangan pada Air Limbah Industri menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom

Abstract

Tahap destruksi basah merupakan proses penting dalam analisis logam menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) karena memengaruhi akurasi hasil pengukuran. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitas destruksi basah menggunakan HNO3 pekat 65%, HCl pekat 37%, dan campuran HNO3:HCl (3:1) dan HNO3:HCl (1:1) terhadap analisis logam besi (Fe) dan mangan (Mn) pada air limbah industri. Enam sampel air limbah industri digunakan sebagai ulangan independent. Setiap sampel didestruksi secara terpisah menggunakan keempat jenis larutan destruksi, kemudian dianalisis kadar Fe dan Mn menggunakan SSA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode HNO3:HCl (3:1) memberikan efektivitas terbaik dengan konsentrasi Fe tertinggi (0,2776–0,3142 mg/L) dan Mn tertinggi (0,2750–0,3154 mg/L), nilai %recovery Fe 94,95% dan Mn 102,30%, serta %RPD terendah (0,44–4,14%). Uji ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar metode (p<0,05).

The wet destruction stage is an important process in metal analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) because it affects the accuracy of measurement results. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of wet destruction using concentrated HNO3 65%, concentrated HCl 37%, and mixtures of HNO3:HCl (3:1) and HNO3:HCl (1:1) for analyzing iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in industrial wastewater. Six industrial wastewater samples were used as independent replicates. Each sample was destructed separately using the four types of destruction solutions, then the Fe and Mn levels were analyzed using AAS. The results showed the HNO3:HCl (3:1) method provides the best effectiveness with the highest Fe concentration (0.2776–0.3142 mg/L) and highest Mn concentration (0.2750–0.3154 mg/L), Fe %recovery of 94.95% and Mn 102.30%, and the lowest %RPD (0.44–4.14%). ANOVA test showed significant differences between methods (p<0.05).