Evaluasi Metode Destruksi Basah, Kering, dan Terbantukan Gelombang Mikro untuk Analisis Kadmium pada Sampel Nori menggunakan ICP-MS

Abstract

Nori berpotensi mengandung kadmium (Cd) karena kemampuan alga mengakumulasi logam berat. Sehingga diperlukan metode destruksi yang efektif untuk melepaskan analit Cd dari matriks sampel sehingga penetapannya dapat dilakukan secara akurat. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi parameter kinerja tiga metode destruksi (basah, kering, terbantukan gelombang mikro) dalam penetapan Cd pada nori menggunakan ICP-MS, meliputi linearitas, akurasi, presisi, LDM, dan LK. Linearitas menghasilkan R² = 0,9996. Ketiga metode memenuhi syarat akurasi dengan %recovery destruksi kering 81,32–107,78%, basah 87,52–108,63%, dan terbantukan gelombang mikro 87,89–108,10%. Presisi terbaik diperoleh metode terbantukan gelombang mikro (3,49–4,06%), diikuti basah (4,53–7,04%) dan kering (7,11–9,78%). Kadar Cd metode basah dan terbantukan gelombang mikro melebihi batas SNI 9105:2022 (0,05 mg/kg), sedangkan metode kering lebih rendah akibat kehilangan analit pada suhu tinggi. One Way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara metode kering dengan dua metode lainnya. Metode terbantukan gelombang mikro dinilai paling andal karena menghasilkan presisi tertinggi, kontaminasi minim, dan proses efisien.

Nori has the potential to contain cadmium (Cd) due to algae’s ability to accumulate heavy metals, requiring an effective digestion method to release the Cd analyte from the sample matrix so that its determination can be carried out accurately. This study evaluated the performance parameters of three digestion methods (wet, dry ashing, and microwave assisted) for the determination of Cd in nori using ICP-MS, including linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ. Linearity yielded R² = 0.9996. All three methods met accuracy requirements, with recovery of 81.32–107.78% for dry ashing, 87.52–108.63% for wet, and 87.89 108.10% for microwave assisted. The best precision was obtained with microwave assisted digestion (3.49–4.06%), followed by wet digestion (4.53–7.04%) and dry ashing (7.11–9.78%). Cd content from the wet and microwave assisted methods exceeded the SNI 9105:2022 limit (0.05 mg/kg), while the dry ashing method yielded lower content due to analyte loss at high temperature. One-Way ANOVA showed a significant difference between dry ashing and the other two methods. Microwave assisted digestion was considered the most reliable method, owing to its highest precision, minimal contamination, and efficient process.