Optimasi Konsentrasi Mancozeb dan Klorotalonil terhadap Pengendalian Bercak Daun dan Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit Varietas Simalungun

Abstract

Penyakit bercak daun merupakan salah satu kendala utama pada pembibitan kelapa sawit karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bibit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di main nursery Kuala Kuayan Estate, PT Kridatama Lancar, Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh bahan aktif dan konsentrasi fungisida terhadap pertumbuhan serta ketahanan bibit kelapa sawit varietas Simalungun yang terinfeksi bercak daun. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktorial, yaitu bahan aktif (mancozeb dan klorotalonil) dan konsentrasi fungisida. Parameter yang diamati meliputi insidensi penyakit, keparahan penyakit, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan jumlah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mancozeb konsentrasi 3,75% memberikan hasil terbaik dengan menurunkan insidensi penyakit sebesar 60% dan keparahan penyakit sebesar 90,76% dibandingkan kontrol (tanpa fungisida), serta menghasilkan pertumbuhan bibit yang lebih baik. Optimasi konsentrasi fungisida berperan penting dalam pengendalian bercak daun dan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit pada fase pembibitan.

Leaf spot disease is a major constraint in oil palm nurseries because it inhibits seedling growth. This research was conducted at the main nursery of Kuala Kuayan Estate, PT Kridatama Lancar, Central Kalimantan. This study evaluated the effects of fungicide active ingredients and concentrations on the growth and resistance of Simalungun oil palm seedlings infected by leaf spot disease. A factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, consisting of fungicide active ingredients (mancozeb and chlorothalonil) and fungicide concentrations. Observed variables included disease incidence, disease severity, plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves. The results showed that mancozeb at a concentration of 3.75% gave the best results, reducing disease incidence by 60% and disease severity by 90.76% compared with the untreated control, while also improving seedling growth. Optimization of fungicide concentration plays a crucial role in controlling leaf spot disease and enhancing the growth of oil palm seedlings during the nursery stage.