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      Analisis Spasio-Temporal Kekeringan Meteorologis dan Pertanian serta Kaitannya dengan ENSO di Kabupaten Ketapang

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Darmawan, Khansa Fakhirah
      Dasanto, Bambang Dwi
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      Abstract
      Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat termasuk ke dalam wilayah dengan kelas risiko tinggi kekeringan di Indonesia. Namun, dinamika spasiotemporal kekeringan di wilayah ini masih belum sepenuhnya dipahami. Penelitian ini menganalisis kekeringan meteorologi menggunakan SPEI-3 berdasarkan data CHIRPS dan ERA5 dengan periode tahun 1995-2024, serta kekeringan pertanian menggunakan VHI-3 berdasarkan data MODIS dengan periode tahun 2000-2024. Karakteristik kekeringan dianalisis menggunakan teori run. Hubungan antara SPEI-3, VHI-3, dan indeks Nino 3.4 dihitung menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan SPEI-3 dengan rentang nilai -2,6-1,62 dengan kekeringan ekstrem terjadi pada musim JJA dan SON saat fase El Niño aktif. Durasi kekeringan terjadi dengan rentang 1,2-1,5 musim, dengan durasi terlama di wilayah selatan, frekuensi tertinggi terjadi di wilayah utara, serta intensitas tertinggi terjadi di timur utara wilayah kajian. VHI-3 memiliki rentang nilai 0,49-0,70 dengan kondisi vegetasi terparah terjadi saat fase El Niño dan membaik ketika La Niña. Korelasi SPEI-3 dan Nino 3.4 menunjukkan hubungan negatif kuat dan signifikan pada musim JJA dan SON (r=-0,73; p<0,05), sedangkan SPEI-3 dan VHI-3 hanya signifikan pada musim SON (r=0,52; p=0,01), mengindikasikan perbedaan sensitivitas kedua indeks kekeringan di wilayah tropis lembab.
       
      Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan is classified as a high-risk drought area in Indonesia, yet its spatio-temporal drought dynamics remain poorly understood. This study analyzes meteorological drought using SPEI-3 based on CHIRPS and ERA5 data for the period 1995–2024, and agricultural drought using VHI-3 based on MODIS data for 2000–2024. Drought characteristics were analyzed using run-theory and spatially mapped using the Kriging method. The relationship between SPEI-3, VHI-3, and the Nino 3.4 Index was examined using Pearson correlation. Results show that SPEI-3 values ranged from -2,6 to 1,62, with the most severe drought occurring during JJA and SON seasons under active El Niño. Drought duration ranged from 1,2 to 1,5 periods, with longer durations in the southern region, highest frequency in the northern region, and highest intensity concentrated in the northeastern area. Seasonal VHI-3 values ranged from 0,49 to 0,70, with vegetation conditions deteriorating during El Niño and improving during La Niña. SPEI-3 and Nino 3.4 exhibited a strong negative correlation during JJA and SON (r=-0,73; p<0,05), while SPEI-3 and VHI-3 were only significantly correlated during SON (r=0,52; p=0,01), indicating differential sensitivity between the two drought indices in humid tropical regions.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177593
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      • UF - Geophysics and Meteorology [1818]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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