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      Pengaruh ENSO dan IOD terhadap Variabilitas Energi Angin di Pulau Sumba

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Maharani, Anggun Dwi
      Dasanto, Bambang Dwi
      Faqih, Akhmad
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      Abstract
      Pulau Sumba memiliki potensi besar untuk pengembangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu (PLTB). Variabilitas iklim antar-tahunan, seperti El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dan Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), dapat memengaruhi potensi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ENSO dan IOD terhadap potensi energi angin di Pulau Sumba menggunakan wind power density (WPD) dan capacity factor (CF) periode 1993–2024. Data ERA5-Land dikoreksi bias dengan metode Weibull Quantile Mapping menggunakan data BMKG, lalu diekstrapolasi ke ketinggian hub turbin EWT DW54-500. Analisis dilakukan melalui deret waktu kejadian ENSO-IOD, komposit fase, anomali arah angin, dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil menunjukkan kecepatan angin, WPD, dan CF tertinggi terjadi pada musim muson tenggara, dengan Haharu sebagai lokasi paling berpotensi. Nilai WPD dan CF meningkat saat El Niño dan IOD positif, serta menurun saat La Niña dan IOD negatif. Variasi suhu permukaan laut dan arah angin akibat ENSO dan IOD memengaruhi kecepatan serta energi angin. Hasil komposit menunjukkan IOD negatif memberikan penurunan terbesar, dengan WPD terendah di Haharu sebesar -16,71 W/m² dan CF terendah di Hambapraing sebesar -3,23% pada SON. IOD lebih dominan memengaruhi potensi energi angin saat muson tenggara, sedangkan ENSO pada masa peralihan hingga muson barat. Temuan ini mendukung perencanaan dan pengelolaan PLTB di Pulau Sumba.
       
      Sumba Island has substantial potential for wind power plant (PLTB) development. Interannual climate variability, such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), can affect this potential. This study analyzes the influence of ENSO and IOD on wind energy potential in Sumba Island using wind power density (WPD) and capacity factor (CF) for 1993–2024. ERA5-Land data were bias-corrected using Weibull Quantile Mapping with BMKG data, then extrapolated to the EWT DW54-500 turbine hub height. Analysis used event-based time series, composite phase, wind direction anomalies, and multiple linear regression. Results show wind speed, WPD, and CF peak during the southeast monsoon, with Haharu as the site with greatest potential. WPD and CF increase during El Niño and positive IOD, decreasing during La Niña and negative IOD. Sea surface temperature and wind direction variations from ENSO and IOD influence wind speed and energy. Negative IOD produces the largest decrease, with the lowest WPD in Haharu at -16,71 W/m² and lowest CF in Hambapraing at -3,23% during SON. IOD is more dominant during the southeast monsoon, while ENSO is more dominant during the transition to the west monsoon. These findings support planning and managing PLTB operations in Sumba Island.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177443
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      • UF - Geophysics and Meteorology [1818]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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