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      Karakteristik Ekstrak Kulit Acacia mangium Willd. Hasil Berbagai Kondisi Ekstraksi Sebagai Biopoliol

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      SAEPUDIN, FATHIR MUHAMAD NABYL
      Sari, Rita Kartika
      Prayogo, Yanico Hadi
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      Abstract
      Tanin dari kulit kayu mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.)/KKM berpotensi sebagai biopoliol poliuretan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkarakterisasi ekstrak KKM dan menentukan kondisi ekstraksi KKM terbaik melalui kombinasi metode ekstraksi dan jenis pelarut berdasarkan rendemen dan karakteristik ekstrak sebagai biopoliol. Ekstraksi KKM menggunakan sembilan kondisi ekstraksi, yaitu maserasi dengan pemanasan 80 °C selama 6 jam dan ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) selama 45 dan 60 menit dengan variasi jenis pelarut air, etanol50%, dan etanol75%. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi rendemen, konsentrasi larutan, kadar total fenolik, tanin terkondensasi, tanin terhidrolisis, dan bilangan Stiasny. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kondisi ekstraksi berpengaruh nyata (p < 0,05) terhadap rendemen, konsentrasi larutan, kadar total fenolik, tanin terkondensasi, tanin terhidrolisis, dan bilangan Stiasny. Berdasarkan sistem skoring, maserasi dengan etanol 50% ditetapkan sebagai perlakuan terbaik yang menghasilkan ekstrak dengan rendemen 19,36 ± 0,002%, kadar total fenolik 33,62±0,108 mg EAG/g, tanin terkondensasi 492,00±9,092 mg EK/g, tanin terhidrolisis 372,67±8,219 mg EAT/g, dan bilangan Stiasny 72,76%±1,563. Studi ini memberikan informasi kondisi ekstraksi paling optimal untuk aplikasi ekstrak KKM sebagai biopoliol poliuretan.
       
      Tannins from mangium bark (Acacia mangium Willd.)/KKM have potential as a biopolyol for polyurethane. This study aims to characterize KKM extracts and determine the optimal KKM extraction conditions through a combination of extraction methods and solvent types based on yield and the characteristics of the extract as a biopolyol. KKM extraction was performed under nine extraction conditions, namely maceration with heating at 80 °C for 6 hours and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for 45 and 60 minutes, using different solvents: water, E50%, and E50%. The parameters analyzed included yield, solution concentration, total phenolic content, condensed tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and the Stiasny number. The results showed that extraction conditions had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on yield, solution concentration, total phenolic content, condensed tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and the Stiasny number. Based on the scoring system, maceration with 50% ethanol was determined to be the best treatment, yielding an extract with a yield of 19.36 ± 0.002%, total phenolic content of 33.62 ± 0.108 mg EAG/g, condensed tannins of 492.00 ± 9.092 mg EK/g, hydrolyzable tannins of 372.67 ± 8.219 mg EAT/g, and a Stiasny number of 72.76% ± 1.563. This study provides information on the most optimal extraction conditions for the application of KKM extract as a biopolyol in polyurethane.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177431
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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