Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Anti Penuaan Ekstrak Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior Jack) dan Kecombrang Hutan (Etlingera hemisphaerica Blume)

Abstract

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior Jack) dan kecombrang hutan (Etlingera hemisphaerica Blume) berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan aktif alami untuk produk perawatan kulit anti penuaan karena mengandung senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kandungan total fenolik, total flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan, antitirosinase, dan antikolagenase pada daun, batang, bunga, dan rimpang kedua spesies. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan etanol 70% melalui maserasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji Duncan (95%). Hasil menunjukkan kandungan total fenolik sebesar 2,58–25,38 mg GAE/g ekstrak dan total flavonoid 10,96–15,11 mg QE/g ekstrak. Bunga kecombrang hutan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (DPPH IC50 166,42 ppm; FRAP 219,99 µmol Fe²?/g ekstrak), sedangkan daun kecombrang menunjukkan aktivitas antitirosinase tertinggi (74,77%). Aktivitas antikolagenase relatif seragam (48,71–51,25%). Daun dan bunga kedua spesies berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif alami untuk formulasi produk perawatan kulit anti-penuaan.

Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack) and wild torch ginger (Etlingera hemisphaerica Blume) have potential as sources of natural active ingredients for anti-aging skin care products because they contain bioactive compounds. This study aimed to analyze the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, as well as antioxidant, antityrosinase, and anticollagenase activities in the leaves, stems, flowers, and rhizomes of both species. Samples were extracted using 70% ethanol via maceration and then analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test (95%). The results showed total phenolic content ranging from 2.58 to 25.38 mg GAE/g of extract and total flavonoid content ranging from 10.96 to 15.11 mg QE/g of extract. The flowers of the wild torch ginger exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 166.42 ppm; FRAP 219.99 µmol Fe²?/g extract), while the leaves of the torch ginger showed the highest antityrosinase activity (74.77%). Anticollagenase activity was relatively uniform (48.71–51.25%). The leaves and flowers of both species have the potential to be developed as natural active ingredients for anti-aging skincare formulations.