Inventarisasi Ektoparasit dan Kaitannya dengan Aspek Produksi dan Ekonomi pada Budidaya Ikan Lele Clarias sp. di Kota Bandung

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis ektoparasit, prevalensi, intensitas infestasi, serta kaitannya dengan aspek produksi dan ekonomi budidaya ikan lele di Kota Bandung. Sampel berupa 10 ekor benih dari empat wilayah budidaya diperiksa secara mikroskopis pada kulit, sirip, dan insang. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jenis ektoparasit, prevalensi, intensitas, mean intensity, mean abundance, kualitas air, tingkat kelangsungan hidup (TKH), feed conversion ratio (FCR), dan analisis usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima jenis ektoparasit, yaitu Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Oodinium sp., dan Vorticella sp., dengan Trichodina sp. sebagai ektoparasit dominan. Lokasi dengan kadar amonia tertinggi (0,5 mg/L) memiliki TKH terendah (50%) dan FCR tertinggi (2,0), yang mengindikasikan penurunan produksi. Seluruh lokasi memiliki nilai R/C ratio >1 sehingga usaha layak dijalankan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infestasi ektoparasit berkaitan dengan kualitas air dan manajemen budidaya, serta berdampak terhadap produktivitas dan efisiensi ekonomi usaha budidaya.

This study aims to identify the types of ectoparasites, their prevalence, infestation intensity, and their relationship to production and economic aspects of catfish farming in Bandung City. Samples consisting of 10 fingerlings from four farming areas were examined microscopically on their skin, fins, and gills. The parameters observed included the types of ectoparasites, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, mean abundance, water quality, survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and business analysis. The results revealed five types of ectoparasites, Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Oodinium sp., and Vorticella sp., with Trichodina sp. being the dominant ectoparasite. The location with the highest ammonia level (0.5 mg/L) had the lowest survival rate (50%) and the highest FCR (2.0), indicating a decline in production. All locations had an R/C ratio >1, indicating that the business was viable. The results of this study show that ectoparasite infestation is related to water quality and aquaculture management and has an impact on the productivity and economic efficiency of catfish farming operations.