Life Cycle Assessment Produksi Hybrid Vehicle Damper di Industri Komponen Otomotif

Abstract

Peningkatan tuntutan terhadap kinerja lingkungan industri mendorong penerapan life cycle assessment untuk mengevaluasi dampak lingkungan proses produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi data masukan dan keluaran, mengidentifikasi serta mengkuantifikasi dampak lingkungan, dan menyusun rekomendasi strategi perbaikan pada produksi hybrid vehicle damper. Penelitian berdasarkan ISO 14040 dan ISO 14044 dengan batasan sistem gate-to-gate dan unit fungsional satu unit hybrid vehicle damper. Penilaian dampak dilakukan menggunakan metode CML IA Baseline, ReCiPe Midpoint (H) dan Cumulative Energy Demand pada perangkat lunak simapro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit proses TPS menjadi hotspot dominan pada kategori ekotoksisitas dan abiotic depletion. Dampak terkait konsumsi energi didominasi oleh penggunaan listrik berbasis bahan bakar fosil. Rekomendasi perbaikan meliputi optimalisasi pengelolaan limbah B3, substitusi kemasan ramah lingkungan, peningkatan efisiensi energi, dan pemanfaatan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS).

Increasing demands for industrial environmental performance have encouraged the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts of production processes. This study aimed to compile the inventory of inputs and outputs, identify and quantify the environmental impacts, and develop improvement strategies for hybrid vehicle damper production. The study was conducted based on ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 using a gate-to-gate system boundary and a functional unit of one hybrid vehicle damper. Environmental impacts were assessed using the CML IA Baseline, ReCiPe Midpoint (H), and Cumulative Energy Demand methods in SimaPro software. The results showed that the temporary hazardous waste storage (TPS) process was identified as the dominant hotspot for the ecotoxicity and abiotic depletion impact categories. Energy-related impacts were primarily associated with electricity generated from fossil fuel-based power sources. The proposed improvement strategies include optimizing hazardous waste management, substituting environmentally friendly packaging materials, improving energy efficiency, and utilizing renewable energy through the installation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system.