Persepsi Petani terhadap Kecenderungan Beralih Profesi di Kawasan Transmigrasi SP 3 Poporoco Kabupaten Pulau Morotai

Abstract

JONATHAN SITOHANG. Persepsi Petani terhadap Kecenderungan Beralih Profesi di Kawasan Transmigrasi SP 3 Poporoco Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Dibimbing oleh TRI BUDIARTO dan MUHAMMAD IQBAL NURULHAQ. Kegiatan pertanian di kawasan transmigrasi SP 3 Poporoco belum memberikan kestabilan pendapatan, sehingga sebagian petani mulai mempertimbangkan pekerjaan di sektor nonpertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan aspek internal dan eksternal serta persepsi petani dengan kecenderungan bertahan atau beralih profesi ke sektor nonpertanian. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif dan asosiatif. Responden berjumlah 26 orang yang dipilih secara purposive, terdiri atas 20 petani aktif dan 6 pedagang berpengalaman bertani. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner skala Likert, wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aspek internal dan eksternal (X), persepsi terhadap profesi petani (Y1), persepsi terhadap peralihan profesi (Y2), serta kecenderungan bertahan atau beralih profesi (Z) seluruhnya berada pada kategori tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata berturut-turut 3,72, 3,63, 3,59, dan 3,83. Empat dari lima hubungan yang diuji bernilai positif dan nyata pada taraf 5 %, yaitu X dengan Y1, X dengan Z, Y1 dengan Z, dan Y2 dengan Z, sedangkan hubungan X dengan Y2 tidak nyata. Petani tidak menolak profesinya, tetapi membuka pertimbangan terhadap pekerjaan nonpertanian sebagai sumber pendapatan tambahan. Kata kunci: persepsi petani, profesi petani, kecenderungan beralih profesi, pekerjaan nonpertanian, kawasan transmigrasi

JONATHAN SITOHANG. Farmers' Perception of the Consideration to Shift Occupations in the SP 3 Poporoco Transmigration Area, Pulau Morotai Regency. Supervised by TRI BUDIARTO and MUHAMMAD IQBAL NURULHAQ. Farming activities in the SP 3 Poporoco transmigration area have not provided stable income, leading some farmers to consider employment in the nonagricultural sector. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between internal and external aspects and farmers' perception with the consideration to remain in or shift away from farming to the nonagricultural sector. The study applied a quantitative approach with descriptive and associative designs. Respondents consisted of 26 people selected purposively, comprising 20 active farmers and 6 traders with farming experience. Data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire, interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that internal and external aspects (X), perception of the farming profession (Y1), perception of occupational shift (Y2), and the tendency to remain in or shift away from farming (Z) were all in the high category, with mean values of 3.72, 3.63, 3.59, and 3.83, respectively. Four of the five relationships tested were positive and significant at the 5 % level, namely X with Y1, X with Z, Y1 with Z, and Y2 with Z, while the relationship between X and Y2 was not significant. Farmers did not reject their profession but remained open to nonagricultural work as a supplementary source of income. Keywords: farmers’ perceptions, occupational shift, farming profession, non-agricultural work, transmigration area